The effect of warm rolling temperature on deformation microstructure and texture of C-Cr-Ti-B low carbon steel were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and internal friction measurement. The results show that the microstructure after warm rolling was composed of deformed ferrite and a few of pearlite, while the ferrite content in-grain shear band increased first and then decreased with the increase of warm rolling temperature, which reaches the maximum when warm rolling at 450℃. The information of shear bands is closely related to the segregation of Ti and B elements. {001}<110> and {223}<110> textures are the main components at 350℃ and 550℃ respectively, and the shear band formed during rolling at 450℃ favors the formation of the γ-fiber texture obviously. The rolling temperature had little effect on the intensity of the {001}<110> but more effect on the γ-fiber, and the {111}<112> component was the stable texture. The results of dislocation density and internal friction test indirectly indicate that the strong interaction between solid solution C atom and dislocation is the reason to inhibit the formation of shear band at low temperature, whereas, the dynamic recovery leads to weak γ-fiber texture at high temperature.

SiO₂-Al₂O₃-ZnO-CaO enamels were prepared by adding 10%~20% (mass fraction, %) CeO₂ particles with a diameter of 20~50 nm into SiO₂-Al₂O₃-ZnO-CaO-ZrO₂-TiO₂ enamels, and the crystal evolution behavior and phase evolution at 900℃ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/ energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that: The addition of 20% CeO₂ particles can inhibit the precipitation of needle-like ZrSiO₄ and feather CaTiSiO₅ crystals, With the increase of CeO₂ particle addition level, this hindering effect is enhanced. CeO₂ combines with ZrO₂ in enamel to form solid solution can promote the precipitation of primary crystal CaZrTi₂O₇, while CaZrTi₂O₇ hardly transforms into ZrSiO₄ with the extension of sintering time. Meanwhile, the consumption of Ca and Ti also inhibited the precipitation of CaTiSiO₅ crystals during the formation of CaZrTi₂O₇ crystals. These results show that the addition of 20% CeO₂ can make the enamel system maintain high stability and excellent thermal shock resistance at 900℃, and thus prolong the service life of the enamel.

An oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel containing Ti was prepared by powder metallurgy. The grain morphology of the ODS steel was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The morphology and types of precipitates in the ODS steel were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The nano size precipitates of the ODS steel was investigated by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) technique using synchrotron radiation device. And the existence form of Y element in the ODS steel was examined by using XAFS technique. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the ODS steel were measured. The results show that the grains of the ODS steel are equiaxed, and the average grain size is 1.24×10^-6 m. The spatial density of the nano-sized precipitates rich in O, Ti and Y of the steel is 1.39×10^-24/m³, while the formed Y₂Ti₂O₇ phase presents pyrochlore structure and a small amount of a phase rich in Cr and Mn was observed too. The tensile strength of the ODS steel reaches 1324 MPa at room temperature. With the increase of test temperature, the tensile strength of the material decreases, whereas the elongation increases gradually for the ODS steel.

Composite hydrogel of Au NCs/HA/PVA with double network was prepared by means of chemical crosslinking and cyclic freezing-thawing with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as raw material, gold nanocluster (Au NCs) and hydroxyapatite (HA) as dopants, and glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent. The effect of Au NCs content and the number of freezing-thawing cyclics on the physical properties of Au NCs/HA/PVA composite hydrogels was investigated. The results show that the mechanical strength of the gels increased with the increasing number of the freezing-thawing cycles. When the Au NCs content is 2.6% and the number of the freezing-thawing cyclic is 9, the gel has the optimized mechanical properties. The elastic modulus, breaking strength and fracture energy of the gel are 63.09 kPa, 152.84 kPa and 130.36 kJ·m^-3, respectively. The moisture content is about 80%, which is similar to the human cartilage tissue, and shows remarkable fluorescence properties.

Superhydrophobic fabric was fabricated by dipping the cotton fabric into ethanol solution of dopamine, silver nitrate and hexdecyltrimethoxysilane followed by bakingdry, and of which the surface morphology and chemical composition were characterized by scanning electron microscope and x-ray photoelectron spectroscope, respectively. Surface wettability was measured by contact angle meter. Durability was assessed by abrasion or immersion in different aqueous solutions of acid, alkali, or boiling water. Results show that the in-situ-generated Ag particles were retained after abrasion or immersion test due to the high adhesion of polydopamine; thus, the so-obtained superhydrophobic fabric possessed good durability. Moreover, the superhydrophobic fabric showed good oil-water separation performance with oil-water separation efficiency up to 97% and oil flow up to 15.93 m³·m^-2·h^-1.

The recrystallization and precipitates of deformed austenite for three Ti-microalloyed low carbon steels with different amount of Zr and Ti in the temperature range of 950°C to 1050°C were investigated by means of multi-pass compression test to simulate the actual rolling situation, in order to acquire the optimum deformation temperature for the alloys. The results show that the increase of Ti content will retard the occurrence of the recrystallization of deformed austenite and the recrystallization grain growth in Ti-microalloyed steels, while the addition of Zr will also retard the occurrence of recrystallization of deformed austenite in Ti-microalloy steel, and inhibit the growth of recrystallization grains. Besides, the addition of Zr increases the number of precipitates in Ti-microalloyed steel, and improves the size uniformity of precipitated phase, so that the Ti-Zr microalloyed steel consists of a relatively uniform austenite microstructure. When the deformation temperature is 1000℃, the Ti-Zr microalloyed steel has the finest uniform austenite microstructure.

Polycrystalline compounds of Mn₃Sn_1-x Cu _x C_1-x N _x were synthesized by solid-state reaction with Mn₃SnC and Mn₃CuN as raw materials. The phase transition temperature of Mn₃Sn_1-x Cu _x C_1-x N _x continuously changes with the variation of the Mn₃SnC content. The compounds present platform-shaped magnetic entropy-temperature curves around room temperature. Compared with Mn₃SnC, the magnetic cooling temperature range of the compounds changed from 275~285 K to 220~300 K, and the full width at half maximum of magnetic entropy change curve increased from 5 K to 70 K. However, the magnetic entropy of the compounds decreased significantly. The relationship among the maximum of magnetic entropy change, the half-height width of the magnetic entropy change curve for the compounds and the relative cooling power of the monomer materials was acquired. The competition between expanding the cooling temperature range and increasing the magnetic entropy change can be well understood. This quantitative formula is of significance in the field not only for the antiperovskite materials, but also for other magnetic refrigerant composites. In this work a new calculation and prediction method of magnetic refrigerant composites were proposed based on the heat flow curve of monomer material, and it could greatly simplify the design process of composite materials.

The layered double-metal Co-Al hydroxide (CoAl LDH) was first prepared via reflux precipitation method with CoCl₂·6H₂O and AlCl₃·6H₂O as raw material, and then the heteroelement Mn doped layered double-metal Co-Al hydroxide (Mn-CoAl LDH) was acquired by the same means. When the current density reaches 10 mA·cm^-2, the fully hydrolyzable potential of Mn-CoAl LDH in 1 mol/L KOH alkaline electrolyte is 1.66 V, its performance is much better than that of undoped Co-Al layered bimetallic hydroxide (CoAl LDH), Ni_2/3S_1/3 /Nickel Foam (1.76 V) and commercial Pt/C (1.75 V). These results show that Mn-CoAl LDH catalyst has high activity of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution in alkaline environment, and is a kind of low cost and high performance bifunctional electric catalyst

The tensile mechanical properties and failure mechanism of fluorinated penta-graphene, as well as the effect of different ratio of fluorinated area on the mechanical property of fluorinated penta-graphene were studied by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that fluorination can change the failure mechanism of penta-graphene. The penta-graphene with low ratio of fluorinated area undergoes structural transformation from pentagon to polygon by external load. However, the fully fluorinated penta-graphene does not undergo structural transformation under tension. The Young's modulus, fracture stress and strain of penta-graphene decrease first and then increased with the increase of the ratio of fluorinated area. When the ratio of fluorinated area is low (<15%), the mechanical parameters are significantly reduced with rising ratio of fluorinated area. Fully fluorination can increase the Young's modulus of penta-graphene by about 29.56%, and greatly reduce the fracture strain, while the fracture stress is equivalent to that of pristine penta-graphene. These results can provide a theoretical basis for effectively adjusting the mechanical properties of two-dimensional nanomaterials such as penta-graphene.

Open hollow microsphere carbon nitride with nitrogen defects (OHCNs) were synthesized by means of direct thermal polymerization-etching method with mesoporous SiO₂ spheres as templates and dicyandiamide as raw materials. The resulted OHCNs present a hemispherical structure with large specific surface area and open porosity. The size of OHCNs can be replicated from the SiO₂ templates. The presence of the local 'thermal etching' during the process favors the formation of open hollow microspheres, at the same time, makes the generation of lots of nitrogen defects and abundant surface amino groups. The appropriate proportion of raw materials is beneficial to optimizing the physical-chemical properties of the products, such as the enhanced transient photoelectric response and accelerated photo-generated carrier transport. Furthermore, the existence of nitrogen defects broadens the visible light absorption range of the products. OHCNs-1 (the mass ratio of dicyandiamide to SiO₂ template is 1∶1) demonstrates significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity. Under visible light irradiation the photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production and photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to produce CO on OHCNs-1 reach 45.9 and 47.3 μmol·h^-1, which is 4.4 times and 4.0 times of the products prepared without SiO₂ template, respectively. Furthermore, OHCNs-1 can maintain stable hydrogen production activity in simulated sewage environment, whilst degrade part of the environmental pollutants simultaneously.