ISSN 1005-3093
CN 21-1328/TG
Started in 1987

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    , Volume 38 Issue 2 Previous Issue   
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    ARTICLES
    Crystal Plasticity Study on the Non-uniformity of Strain on the Cross-section of Cold Drawn Steel Wire
    ZHAO Yong, LIU Tengyuan, JIA Chunni, YANG Zhendan, CHEN Xiangjun, WANG Pei, LI Dianzhong
    Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38 (2): 81-91.  DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.221
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (4897KB) ( 216 )

    A macroscopic finite element model of multi-pass cold drawing coupled with a microscopic crystal plasticity finite element model of pearlite has been established in this study. The strain distribution and strain path of the cold drawn steel wire have been simulated, and the influence of them on the material strengthening have been analyzed. It is found that the plastic strain on the cross-section of the steel wire increases first and then decreases from the core to the surface after cold drawing. Meanwhile, the strain path in the core area of the steel wire is close to proportional loading, while the strain path near the surface is tortuous. The tortuous strain path can drive more slip systems to act, causing additional strengthening and ultimately increasing hardness. Under the comprehensive effect of the difference of strain and strain path in different areas of the cross-section, the subsurface hardness of the cold-drawn steel wire is the highest.

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    Preparation of Adsorbent Fe-loaded Cellulose/Tannin and Its Adsorption Characteristics for Fluoroquinolones Antibiotics
    WENG Xin, LI Qiqi, YANG Guifang, LV Yuancai, LIU Yifan, LIU Minghua
    Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38 (2): 92-104.  DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.229
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (10463KB) ( 64 )

    The absorbent of Fe-loaded cellulose/bayberry tannin (Fe-CBT) was prepared via impregnation and in-situ reduction process, with cellulose/tannin composite aerogel (CBT) as the carrier, which then was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. Afterwards, the adsorption characteristic of the Fe-CBT was comparatively assessed for three typical fluoroquinolones (FQs) antibiotics, i.e., norfloxacin (NOR), lomefloxacin hydrochloride (LOM) and levofloxacin hydrochloride (LVX). The results show that the coexistence of cations Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ all interferes significantly with the adsorption process. Moreover, the adsorption process is an exothermic reaction that proceeds spontaneously, mainly as single-molecule layer adsorption, of which chemisorption is the main rate-limiting step. The quasi-secondary and Langmuir models are demonstrated to fit this adsorption behavior, and the maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 99.07, 74.17 and 40.14 mg/g can be achieved for NOR, LOM and LVX at 298 K, respectively. Both NaOH and NaCl show superior elution effect on Fe-CBT, namely, after re-generation for four times with NaOH and NaCl solutions, the adsorption capacity of Fe-CBT on NOR could even be maintained > 70%. In addition, it is found that the removal of FQs by Fe-CBT is caused by the synergy between electrostatic gravitation, surface complexation, hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking.

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    Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd-Mo Amorphous Alloy Based Composites with In-situ Autogenous β-Ti Phase
    YU Sheng, GUO Wei, LV Shulin, WU Shusen
    Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38 (2): 105-110.  DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.227
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (8637KB) ( 64 )

    Ti-based amorphous alloys possess excellent properties such as low density, good biocompatibility and high corrosion resistance, which makes them one kind of promising materials used as biomedical materials. However, the room-temperature brittleness of Ti-based amorphous alloys limits their application. In order to improve the room-temperature plasticity of Ti-based amorphous alloys, the present study, a small amount of Mo (a β-Ti stabilizing element) is added to the Ti40Zr10Cu36Pd14 amorphous alloy so that the plastic β-Ti phase particles may be precipitated in-situ within the alloy during the solidification process. It is expected that in the subsequent deformation process, the plastic β-Ti phase can effectively impede the rapid propagation of the main shear band in the matrix, causing deflects, branching or multiplication of it. The multiple shear bands significantly improved the room-temperature mechanical properties. Finally, the optimal room-temperature mechanical properties were obtained for the amorphous alloy (Ti0.4Zr0.1Cu0.36Pd0.14)95Mo5 which showed the fracture strength of 2630 MPa and plastic strain of 7.3%, namely 32.0% and 508% higher than that of the base alloy, respectively.

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    Effect of Notch Orientation and Temperature on Thermal Fatigue Behavior of a Third-Generation Single Crystal Superalloy DD33
    ZHENG Mingrui, LI Yawei, LIU Jing, WANG Li, ZHENG Wei, DONG Jiasheng, ZHANG Jian, LOU Langhong
    Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38 (2): 111-120.  DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.178
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (35089KB) ( 90 )

    The crack initiation and propagation behavior of a third-generation single crystal superalloy DD33 with V-notches of different orientations ([100], [210] and [110]) during thermal fatigue tests: samples were hold at different high-temperatures (1000oC, 1100oC and 1200oC respectively) for 60 s and then quick quenching into water as one cycle, was investigated by OM, SEM and EDS. The results show that the thermal fatigue properties of DD33 show obvious anisotropy tested at different high-temperatures. The initiation and propagation behavior of thermal fatigue cracks in samples with different notch orientations show the dependence of crystallographic orientation. At 1000oC/1100oC/1200oC, the [100] orientated specimens exhibit the best thermal fatigue performance. The thermal fatigue performance of the [210] oriented sample is the worst at 1100oC, while the thermal fatigue performance of the [110] oriented sample is the worst at 1000oC and 1200oC. The thermal stress, oxidation, and the operation of slip systems result in the difference in crack growth rate of samples with different notch orientations.

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    Effect of Austenitizing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of High Carbon Cu-bearing Martensitic Stainless Steel
    HAO Wenjun, JING Hemin, XI Tong, YANG Chunguang, YANG Ke
    Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38 (2): 121-129.  DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.186
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (18389KB) ( 73 )

    The effect of copper (Cu) addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of high carbon Cu-bearing martensitic stainless steels, being subjected to austenitizing treatment at different temperatures was investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscope, (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the fraction of carbides decreases and the content of retained austenite increases gradually with the increase of austenitizing temperature. The addition of Cu has a positive effect on the amount of precipitation for small size carbides, which distributed in the matrix, and increases the retained austenite significantly. The hardness of high carbon Cu-bearing martensitic stainless steel decreases slightly after Cu addition, because the softening effect of retained austenite is greater than the strengthening effect of martensite. Meanwhile, the impact absorption energy increase from 1.5 J to 9.1 J, indicating that the toughness of the steel was enhanced significantly. Besides, the free-corrosion potential of the Cu-bearing stainless steels decreases due to the increase of retained austenite volume fraction.

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    Carbide Evolution Behavior of GCr15 Bearing Steel During Aging Process
    LIU Zhenhuan, LI Yonghan, LIU Yang, WANG Pei, LI Dianzhong
    Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38 (2): 130-140.  DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.169
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (23309KB) ( 60 )

    The evolution behavior of carbides in GCr15 bearing steel and its influence on the impact toughness during long-term aging at 170oC have been investigated by means of SEM, TEM, and XRD, aiming to meet the requirements of vacuum dry pump bearings. The results demonstrate that after quenching at 840oC and the tempering at 230oC, the hardness of GCr15 steel remains above 59 HRC with minimal retained austenite, which is favorable to the enhancement of performance and dimensional stability for the steel at 170oC. During the aging process, carbon atom partitioning and carbide precipitation lead to a decrease in carbon concentration, lattice distortion and micro-zone stress strain of the matrix, while transitional carbides precipitate, coarsen and then transform into non-coherent cementite. The resultant effect of these microstructural variation is a reduction in material hardness, while the impact toughness initially increasing and then decreasing. However, the cooperative effect of the decarbonization of martensite and carbide type transformation makes hardness of steels remain stable or even increase a little in between 1000 h and 2000 h during the aging process. To improve the microstructure and performance stability during the aging process, cryogenic treatment was conducted after quenching. The introduction of high-density defects promotes effective carbon distribution during tempering and aging, which gives rise to uniform distribution and size control of fine carbides. Cryogenic treatment reduces the carbide growth rate from 298 nm3/h to 229.5 nm3/h, which delays the performance decline effectively and makes the GCr15 bearing steel satisfied with demands of vacuum dry pump bearings.

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    Preparation of Fluorine Modified Titanium Dioxide Catalyst and Its Photocatalytic Degradation for Oilfield Wastewater
    ZHOU Lichen
    Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38 (2): 141-150.  DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.097
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (5890KB) ( 75 )

    The florine modification of titanium dioxide was realized by plasma discharge technique with C2H2F4 as F source, and the morphology and structure of the catalyst were characterized by XRD, XPS, UV-vis, PL, etc. The effectiveness of fluorine-modified titanium dioxide catalyst was studied in terms of the degradation of methylene blue and oilfield wastewater, and the corresponding influencing factors as well as the reusability of the catalyst were investigated. The results showed that for the corrosive medium of pH 6 with the addition of 8 g/L catalyst, the best degradation effect on oilfield wastewater was acquired with the COD removal rate up to 88%. For the corrosive medium with the presence of $\mathrm{HCO}_3^{-}$、$\mathrm{CO}_3^{2-}$、$\mathrm{PO}_4^{3-}$, and $\mathrm{SiO}_3^{2-}$, the photocatalytic induced reaction would be significantly inhibited, while Cl- had little effect on it. Besides, the hydroxyl radical (·OH) was more critical for the photocatalytic related reaction. It follows that after plasma induced fluorine modification, a large number of ≡Ti-F bond and oxygen defects could be produced on the surface of titanium dioxide, achieving fluorine dopped TiO2 gaps (Ti-O-F-Ti bond), in turn, the ≡Ti-F and oxygen defects can promote the transfer of photogenerated electron-holes to the surface of titanium dioxide, meanwhile, the fluorine dopped TiO2 gaps caused a hybrid valence band of titanium dioxide, consequently narrowing the band gap width from 2.98 eV to 2.82 eV, which can enhance the absorption of the catalyst in the visible light region and improve the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of oilfield wastewater.

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    Fracture Toughness of Weld Metal of 440 MPa Grade High-strength Steel
    ZENG Daoping, AN Tongbang, ZHENG Shaoxian, DAI Haiyang, CAO Zhilong, MA Chengyong
    Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38 (2): 151-160.  DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.164
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (18578KB) ( 61 )

    Weld joints of 440 MPa grade high-strength steel were prepared via metal active-gas welding technique with a homemade Si-Mn-Ni gas-shielded solid welding wire as filler. Then the fracture toughness of the weld metals was studied by impact test, fatigue crack growth rate test, and crack tip opening displacement test at different temperatures, aiming to clarify the relation of microstructure and fracture toughness, so that to provide data support for the engineering application of the welding wire. The results show that the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the weld metal is about -48.4oC; With the increase of constant amplitude load (13~17 kN), the number of load cycles(N) and the fatigue life decreases continuously. Moreover, when the stress intensity factor range (ΔK) keeps the same, the fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN) decreases gradually with the increase of constant amplitude load; The CTOD value (δ) of weld metal is 0.481~0.781 mm, the effective characteristic value (δ0.2BL) is 0.5103 mm, and the dispersion coefficient of CTOD value(δ) is only 16.5%, The weld metal has good fracture toughness and meets the technical requirements of marine engineering; Acicular ferrite has the strong ability to block crack propagation, thus improving fracture toughness, while quasi-polygonal ferrite has the weak ability to block crack propagation and M-A constituent is easy to induce microcracks, thus reducing fracture toughness.

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