CMT成型TC4-DT合金的组织及其形成机理的CET模型预测

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.478

材料研究学报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (7): 518-526 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.478

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

CMT成型TC4-DT合金的组织及其形成机理的CET模型预测

杜子杰¹^,², 李文渊²(

), 刘建荣², 锁红波³, 王清江²

1.中国科学技术大学合肥 230026
2.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
3.青岛卓思三维智造技术有限公司青岛 266109

Microstructure and Columnar-equiaxed Transformation Prediction of TC4-DT Alloy Prepared by Arc Additive Manufacturing with Coaxial Wire Feeding of Cold Metal Transfer Mode

DU Zijie¹^,², LI Wenyuan²(

), LIU Jianrong², SUO Hongbo³, WANG Qingjiang²

1.University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026，China
2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016，China
3.Qingdao JointX Intelligent Manufacturing Limited, Qingdao 266109，China

引用本文:

杜子杰, 李文渊, 刘建荣, 锁红波, 王清江. CMT成型TC4-DT合金的组织及其形成机理的CET模型预测[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(7): 518-526.
Zijie DU, Wenyuan LI, Jianrong LIU, Hongbo SUO, Qingjiang WANG. Microstructure and Columnar-equiaxed Transformation Prediction of TC4-DT Alloy Prepared by Arc Additive Manufacturing with Coaxial Wire Feeding of Cold Metal Transfer Mode[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(7): 518-526.

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摘要:

采用冷金属过渡模式(Cold Metal Transfer, CMT)的同轴送丝电弧熔丝增材制造技术制备了TC4-DT钛合金直壁墙试块，对其高低倍组织及其形成机理进行了研究，使用3D-Rosenthal模型对其凝固过程进行了模拟计算。低倍组织表明，弧形热影响区为细等轴晶，堆积区底层为细柱状晶区，中层和顶层为等轴晶与短柱状晶的混合。这种组织，与电子束熔丝和旁轴送丝电弧熔丝的粗大柱状晶组织有明显的不同；堆积区的高倍组织以编织状的α相板条为主，在部分原始β晶界可见连续的晶界α相和集束状α相板条，且有热影响层界线，与电子束熔丝和旁轴送丝电弧熔丝的高倍组织接近。模拟计算的结果表明，熔池边界的最大温度梯度约为12652.6 K/cm，最大凝固速度约为1.5 cm/s，该凝固条件处于柱状晶-等轴晶转变(Columnar-Equiaxed Transformation, CET)模型中的混合组织区；根据计算结果，提高输入功率(P)和焊枪移动速度(V)可促进等轴晶的生成，当P>153 W、V>3.2 mm/s时可得到柱状晶与等轴晶混合的低倍组织，且晶粒尺寸随着V的增大呈减小的趋势。

关键词 ：金属材料, TC4-DT钛合金, CMT电弧熔丝增材制造, CET模型, 3D-Rosenthal模型

Abstract：

A TC4-DT Ti-alloy of two tracks and three layers was manufactured via arc additive manufacturing (CMT WAAM) coupled with cold metal transfer mode coaxial wire feeding, while the TC4-DT Ti-alloy wire of 1.2 mm in diameter was adoped as feeding wire. The microstructure of the acquired alloy was then characterized. Results show that fine equiaxed prior β-grains were found in the cambered heat affected zone; The bottom layer of the deposition zone consisted of thin columnar grains; The middle and top layers were composed of equiaxed grains and short columnar grains. Which was quite different from the coarse columnar grains produced by processes of EBRM and TIG WAAM. The microstructure of deposition zone presents basket weave α-phase laths, similar with that of EBRM and TIG WAAM. The 3D-Rosenthal solution was used to investigate the formation of the microstructure of the deposition zone. The maximum temperature gradient of the molten pool boundary calculated is about 12652.6 K/cm, and the maximum solidification speed is about 1.5 cm/s. The calculated solidification conditions just located in the mixed zone in the columnar-equiaxed-transformation (CET) model, consistent with the experiment results. The calculation results demonstrated that with the increasing input power P and the welding gun traveling speed V, the formation of equiaxed grains was promoted, while the grain size would gradually decrease with the increase of V. The mixed macrostructure would form when P>153 W and V>3.2 mm/s.

Key words： metallic materials TC4-DT Ti-alloy CMT WAAM CET model 3D-Rosenthal solution

收稿日期: 2019-10-15

ZTFLH:

TG146

作者简介: 杜子杰，男，1995年生，硕士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.478 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2020/V34/I7/518

图1 用CMT电弧熔丝增材制造试块的堆积路径示意图和试块示意图

表1 TC4-DT合金的成分

图2 样品试块整体和局部的低倍组织

图3 沿堆积方向原始β晶粒平均宽度的变化

图4 热影响区和堆积区的高倍组织

图5 层界线组织的形貌

图6 CMT成型TC4-DT的G-R图和低倍组织分区

图7 CMT打印三维模型的示意图

图8 3D-Rosenthal模型的预测结果

图9 CMT工艺参数对TC4-DT低倍组织的影响

图10 热影响区及层界线组织分区的示意图

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