合金相分离制备多孔金属材料的研究进展

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2022.497

材料研究学报

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (8): 561-570 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2022.497

综述

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合金相分离制备多孔金属材料的研究进展

由宝栋¹^,², 朱明伟¹(

), 杨鹏举²^,³, 何杰²^,³(

)

^1.沈阳航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110136
^2.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
^3.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016

Research Progress in Preparation of Porous Metal Materials by Alloy Phase Separation

YOU Baodong¹^,², ZHU Mingwei¹(

), YANG Pengju²^,³, HE Jie²^,³(

)

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
^2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

由宝栋, 朱明伟, 杨鹏举, 何杰. 合金相分离制备多孔金属材料的研究进展[J]. 材料研究学报, 2023, 37(8): 561-570.
Baodong YOU, Mingwei ZHU, Pengju YANG, Jie HE. Research Progress in Preparation of Porous Metal Materials by Alloy Phase Separation[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 37(8): 561-570.

全文: PDF(11528 KB) HTML

摘要:

总结了合金相分离方法制备多孔金属材料的最新研究进展。结合合金相分离机理，探讨了相分离过程中界面调幅分解和扩散耦合生长对多孔拓扑结构的形成过程的影响。阐述了相分离合金体系、成分变化和工艺参数对多孔结构的形貌特征、孔隙率以及韧带尺寸特征的影响规律。同时，结合其大比表面积和互联韧带等特征，阐述了相分离多孔金属材料的性能及其在催化、电解质电容器、生物医学等领域的应用前景。最后针对合金相分离制备多孔金属的研究发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词 ：评述, 金属材料, 多孔金属, 合金相分离

Abstract：

This review summarizes the recent research progress in the preparation of porous metal materials by alloy phase separation. Combined with the phase separation mechanism of the alloy, the formation mechanism of the porous structure during the phase separation process was discussed based on the interfacial spinodal decomposition and diffusion-coupled growth. The effect of phase-separated alloy system, composition change and process parameter on the characteristics such as morphology, porosity and ligament size of the porous structure were systematically analyzed. Furthermore, the properties of phase-separated porous metal materials and their application prospects in the fields of catalysis, electrolytic capacitors, and biomedicine are summarized due to their large specific surface area and interconnected ligaments. Finally, the research and development trend of the preparation of porous metals by alloy phase separation is proposed.

Key words： review metallic materials porous metals alloy phase separation

收稿日期: 2022-09-14

ZTFLH:

TB383

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52174380);国家自然科学基金(52174380);中国载人航天工程空间应用系统项目(KJZ-YY-NCL06);中国科学院科研仪器设备研制项目(YJKYYQ20210012)

通讯作者: 何杰，研究员， jiehe@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为合金相分离科学与技术;
朱明伟，副教授，mwzhu@sau.edu.cn，研究方向为贵金属回收及资源化利用

Corresponding author: HE Jie, Tel:(024)83973120, E-mail: jiehe@imr.ac.cn;
ZHU Mingwei,Tel:(024)89724198, E-mail: mwzhu@sau.edu.cn

作者简介: 由宝栋，男，1998年生，硕士生

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图1 A-B二元相分离合金的典型相图

图2 合金相分离形成多孔结构的机理

图3 反应前沿有序单晶纳米丝的SEM照片[34]

图4 合金相分离体系中A、B、C的混合焓关系

表1 常见金属之间的混合焓ΔHmix(kJ/mol)[36]

表2 通过合金相分离制备多孔材料的总结

图5 不同的可溶组分Ti含量[26]

图6 前驱体成分对孔隙率的影响

图7 分级分形多孔FeCr结构形成示意图和多孔FeCr放大的SEM照片[53]

图8 Ni60Nb40带状前驱体在不同工艺参数下通过液态金属Mg相分离反应制备多孔Nb的SEM显微照片[33]

图9 Ti基多孔材料的屈服强度与杨氏模量的关系

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