作为钠硫电池正极的碳约束<strong>NiS<sub>2</sub></strong>纳米结构中钠离子的储运特性

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.431

材料研究学报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (3): 191-197 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.431

研究论文

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作为钠硫电池正极的碳约束NiS₂纳米结构中钠离子的储运特性

周抒予,靳晓哲,刘佳,田瑞雪,吴爱民,黄昊(

)

大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁省能源材料及器件重点实验室大连 116024

Storage and Transport Properties of Sodium-ions of Carbon-constraint NiS2 Nanostructure as Cathode for Na-S Batteries

ZHOU Shuyu,JIN Xiaozhe,LIU jia,TIAN Ruixue,WU Aimin,HUANG Hao(

)

Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Devices (Liaoning Province), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

引用本文:

周抒予,靳晓哲,刘佳,田瑞雪,吴爱民,黄昊. 作为钠硫电池正极的碳约束NiS₂纳米结构中钠离子的储运特性[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(3): 191-197.
Shuyu ZHOU, Xiaozhe JIN, jia LIU, Ruixue TIAN, Aimin WU, Hao HUANG. Storage and Transport Properties of Sodium-ions of Carbon-constraint NiS2 Nanostructure as Cathode for Na-S Batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(3): 191-197.

全文: PDF(3434 KB) HTML

摘要:

用电弧蒸发法和固相硫化法制备核壳结构的碳约束NiS₂纳米材料(NiS₂@C)。用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和Raman等手段对其表征的结果表明，外部碳层有较多的缺陷，厚度为4 nm，NiS₂的粒径为28 nm。作为Na-S电池正极材料的电化学性能：在电流密度为100 mA·g^-1条件下NiS₂@C正极材料4次循环后库伦效率保持在90%以上，循环500次后仍有106.8 mAh·g^-1的可逆比容量，具有较高的循环稳定性。电化学阻抗分析结果表明，NiS₂@C外部碳层的良好电子导电性和优异的结构稳定性加快了电极反应并维持着界面离子迁移的动力学平衡。

关键词 ：无机非金属材料, 钠硫电池, 正极材料, 电弧蒸发法, 碳约束纳米结构, 钠离子存储

Abstract：

Carbon-constraint NiS₂ nanomaterials (NiS₂@C) with core-shell structure were successfully synthesized by a combination method of arc evaporation and solid-state vulcanization. Characterization results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy show that there existed rich defects in the carbon shell. The thickness of the carbon shell was 4 nm, and the diameter of the NiS₂ core was 28 nm. The electrochemical performance of NiS₂@C electrode was measured as the cathode materials for Na-S batteries. The Coulombic efficiency of NiS₂@C electrode remained above 90% after four cycles at a current density of 100 mA·g^-1, and the reversible specific capacity of 106.8 mAh·g^-1 remained after 500 cycles, which showed high cyclic stability. The electrochemical impedance analysis reveals that the electrode reactions were accelerated and the dynamic equilibrium of ion migration at the interface was maintained due to its good electronic conductivity and excellent structural stability by the constraint of the external carbon layer.

Key words： inorganic nonmetallic materials Na-S battery cathode material arc evaporation method carbon-constraint nanostructure sodium-ion storage

收稿日期: 2019-09-03

ZTFLH:

O646，TM912.9

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51171033);中央高校基本科研业务费重点实验室专项经费(DUT19LAB29)

作者简介: 周抒予，男，1995年生，硕士生

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链接本文:

https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.431 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2020/V34/I3/191

图1 Ni前驱体在不同温度下硫化产物的XRD图谱、前驱体Ni、Ni@C以及电极活性材料NiS2、NiS2@C的XRD图谱和NiS2@C纳米材料的Raman图

图2 Ni@C和NiS2@C不同放大倍数的TEM照片

图3 NiS2和NiS2@C正极材料的循环伏安特性曲线

图4 NiS2和NiS2@C正极材料在100 mA·g-1电流密度下的循环性能和 NiS2@C正极材料在100 mA·g-1电流密度下的充放电曲线

图5 NiS2和NiS2@C正极材料在不同循环圈数下的Nyquist曲线以及拟合得到的等效电路模型

表1 NiS2正极材料的等效电路参数

表2 NiS2@C正极材料的等效电路参数

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