The Ni-Cu alloy was prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing technology, and then was used as substrate material for preparation of graphene/Ni-Cr composite by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The optimized SLM forming parameters are: 200 W laser power, scanning speed 800 mm/s, single layer thickness 0.05 mm, and scanning pitch 0.06. mm. The as prepared Ni-Cu alloy has a density of up to 98.65% and a Rockwell hardness of 127.4 HV1. Then the CVD deposition process of graphene on the Ni-Cu alloy as substrate material was investigated. Results show that graphene can generate on the surface of Ni-Cu alloy at the reaction temperature range of 900~1100℃ and graphene/Ni-Cu alloy composite material was obtained. The thickness of the generated graphene layer gradually decreased with the increase of the reaction temperature. The thermal conductivity of the prepared graphene/Ni-Cu alloy composite material was characterized. The top graphene layer can increase the thermal diffusion coefficient of the Ni-Cu alloy material by 12.5%, which presents a good application prospect for the composite in fields such as radiator, thermal conductive materials and so on.

A uniform and dense superhydrophobic film on the surface of super ferritic stainless steel B44660 was prepared via spontaneous polymerization of dopamine in the presence of low surface energy substances ODA and PFDT. Then the wettability, surface morphology and chemical structure of the steel with simple- and modified-dopamine coatings were characterized by means of water spray condensation experiment, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy spectrum analysis (EDS), impedance spectroscopy and polarization curve tests. The results show that the super ferritic stainless steel with simple dopamine coating is hydrophilic, and however the super ferritic stainless steel surface with super hydrophobic coating has lower corrosion current density and higher coating resistance, the modification treatment can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of the simple dopamine coating on super ferritic stainless steel surface. The super-hydrophobic film formed on the surface of the simple dopamine coating presents large amount of "micro-nano structured air valleys", which prevents the diffusion of strongly corrosive chloride ions between the solution and the solid interface and the electrochemical reaction of the interface. Therefore, the corrosion current density is reduced, correspondingly improving the corrosion resistance of the coating.

The effect of deep cryogenic treatment time on the room temperature hardness and red hardness of M2 high speed steel was investigated by means of Rockwell hardness tester, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The results show that the room-temperature hardness and red hardness of M2 steel were improved by deep cryogenic treatment, and the red hardness at 650℃ was improved most significantly after deep cryogenic treatment for 12 hours. With the increasing deep cryogenic time, the amount of retained austenite decreased, the shape of retained austenite between martensitic laths changed from strip-like to film-like, the axial ratio and carbon content of martensite decreased gradually, and twin martensite was thinned; the segregation of primary carbides alleviated, and the amount of secondary carbides increased. The increase in the amount of secondary carbides can enhance the precipitation strengthening, and inhibit the decomposition of martensite at high temperatures. In addition, the further transformation of retained austenite to martensite and the thinning of twin martensite also favor the enhancement of room-temperature hardness and red hardness.

Al-Mg-Ga-In-Sn alloys with different Mg-contents were prepared and then subjected to solution and aging treatment. The microstructure and corrosion morphology after immersion in water of alloys was characterized by means of XRD and SEM with EDX. The Volta potential differences (ΔVPD) of interfacial phases with respect to Al matrix were measured using AFM/SKPFM. The Al-water reactivity of alloys in waters at different temperature were measured by using drainage method. The heat treatment influences the phase type, morphology of interfacial phases, and the content of Mg and Ga inside Al grains. As the Mg content is below 4% the heat-treated alloys contain interfacial phases of Mg₂Sn, MgGa, MgGa₂ and_{MgIn. Mg5Ga2 and Mg2Ga phases occurs as the Mg content of alloy is c.a. 5%. MgGa phase precipitates within Al grains of the aged alloys. The heat-treated alloys exhibit higher the Volta potential differences (ΔVPD) of interfacial phases with respect to Al in comparison with the cast ones. The generation rate and yield amount of hydrogen correlate with Mg contents of the heat-treated alloys. The reasons that the heat treatment affects the microstructures of alloys and the Volta potential differences (ΔVPD) of interfacial phases with respect to Al were analyzed, and the effect of heat treatment on the Al-water reactivity of alloys was also discussed.}

B³⁺ doped birnessite-MnO₂ anode materials were successfully prepared by one-step hydrothermal method, and then characterized by XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, XPS and electrochemical performance tests. The pure- and doped-MnO₂ particles were globular nano-flowers composed of two-dimensional nano flakes . The thickness of nano flakes decreased after B³⁺ doping, thus the transmission path of Li-ions and electrons in the bulk material was shortened. The charge transfer resistance of birnessite-MnO₂ decreased obviously after a proper amount of B³⁺ ions doping. The B-MnO₂ doped with 9% B³⁺ showed the optimal electrochemical performance. In conditions of the current density of 100 mA·g^-1 and 1000 mA·g^-1, the initial charging specific capacities were 855.1 mAh·g^-1 and 599 mAh·g^-1, respectively. After 100 cycles the corresponding reversible capacities still remained 805 mAh·g^-1 and 510.3 mAh·g^-1, and the respective retention rates were 94.1% and 85.2% respectively.

A concise and facile one-pot sol-gel method was proposed by using 3-aminophenol/formaldehyde (AF) resin as soft template, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silicon source, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as pore-forming agent for synthesizing silica microparticles. In the synthesis process, modification of soft template 3-aminophenol/formaldehyde (AF) resin structure and hydrolysis rate of TEOS was made by simply changing reaction temperature, a series of SiO₂ microspheres with different structures and morphology could be obtained. The microstructure and characteristic of the SiO₂ microparticles were characterized by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N₂ adsorption-desorption specific surface areaanalysis (BET) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that as the reaction temperature increases from 0℃^{to 100℃, SiO₂ microparticles presented various type of structures such as solid sphere, yolk-shelled sphere, single-shelled sphere, and broken solid sphere. The HMS microspheres with hollow yolk-shelled morphology possessed a large specific surface area (513 m2/g), large pore volume (0.432 cm3/g), and uniform mesopores (3.66 nm). In addition, the yolk-shelled HMS was subjected to acrylonitrile free radical polymerization, amidoxime treatment to obtain HMS-grafted-polyamidoxime (HMS-g-PAO), which were used in the adsorption test of CrVI in K₂Cr₂O₇ solution at pH=2. The modified HMS microspheres had an excellent adsorption ability to CrVI in K₂Cr₂O₇ solution, and the adsorption amount could reach 140 mg/g when adsorption balanced.}

2-dimensional CdO nanorods were fabricated by electrospinning technique with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) as template and subsequently calcinated. SEM, TGA, DSC, FT-IR and XRD were used to characterize the morphology and structure of the as-prepared nanorods. The results show that the CdO nanorods is highly purified with a special morphology, namely, the nanorods stick together to form a porous film. The special morphology is related to the melting of PVP polymer during calcination. The prepared CdO nanorods were subsequently used to modify a glassy carbon electrode and then, with which the direct electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose was investigated. Results show that the CdO nanorods modified electrode has a better response to glucose and stronger resistance to the interference from AA, UA and ethanol rather than the electrode modified with CdO powder. The improved performance can be ascribed to the 2-dimensional CdO nanorods morphology, which enhanced the specific surface area, thereby enhancing the activity of electrode, facilitating the oxidation of glucose. So that, the fabricated CdO nanorods have the possibility of application as glucose sensor.

Thin films of MoS₂ and Ti-MoS₂ were deposited on Si substrate by using magnetron sputtering respectively, and then oxidized in atmosphere with 70%RH at 28℃ for 360 h via a temperature and humidity chamber. Thereafter, the oxidation performance and electrical properties of the above two MoS₂ films were characterized by XRD, XPS, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and four-point probe method. The results show that the Ti doping can affect the crystal orientation of MoS₂ film, and the X-ray diffraction peaks of (110) and (100) of MoS₂ disappear after Ti doping. The films prepared with applied current of 0.6 A for Ti-target are amorphous. Whilst, the band gap of Ti-MoS₂ decrease and the conductivity increase for films, with the increasing applied current for the Ti target. The films are partially oxidized and present the composite state of MoS₂ and MoO₃ after oxidation in the atmosphere with 70%RH at 28℃ for 360 h, and the I_Mo-O/I_Mo-S ratio and band gap increase with the increasing applied current for the Ti target. Especially, the Ti-MoS₂ film, prepared with applied current of 0.4 A for the Ti target, exhibits the better chemical stability.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) prepared by CVD method are easily to attract and stack into sponges. The obtained CNT sponges (CNTS) show entangled networks, porosity and high activity. Due to these properties of the CNTS, sulfur vapor can deposite and nucleate on the CNT bundles to form electrode with tight contact structure, thereby high efficiency of electron transfer in the electrode and rate capability of battery based on the electrode can be realized. The distribution of sulfur and the structure of CNTs after sulfur deposition have been investigated through XRD, SEM, Raman spectroscopy and others. In addition, the electrochemical performances of the battery based on the electrode have been tested. The results show that the battery presents discharge specific capacity of 1250 mAh·g^-1 at current density of 0.16 A·g^-1, and the specific capacity is stable at 823 mAh·g^-1 as the current density increased to 1.58 A·g^-1, indicating a remarkable rate capability of the battery. Further, the cycling capacities of the battery have been also measured. The results show that the attenuation of each cycle capacity is only 0.22%, indicating an excellent cyclic stability of the battery based on the electrode.

Effect of rare earth microalloying on the microstructure and mechanical property of a medium carbon steel have been investigated, focusing on the influence of rare earth on the formed surface layer after nitriding heat treatment. The results indicate that by adding rare earth elements into the test steel: the original inclusions of long strips of MnS and the coarse Al2O3 convert into the small spherical inclusions of complex rare earth sulfur oxide; the ferrite volume content is reduced ,while more finer lamellar pearlites are formed; the impact energy increases by 126% and the plasticity increases by 10%. After nitriding heat treatment, it is found that the addition of rare earth elements can significantly improve the surface hardness and nitride case depth, as well as improving the vein-like structure of the nitriding layer.