冷却速率对<strong>Al-20%Si</strong>合金<strong>Si</strong>相形貌及性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2018.297

材料研究学报

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (4): 291-298 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2018.297

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

冷却速率对Al-20%Si合金Si相形貌及性能的影响

江峻¹,黄诗鑫¹,王连登²,张思彬¹,朱定一¹(

)

1. 福州大学材料科学与工程学院福州 350108
2. 福州大学机械工程及自动化学院福州 350108

Effect of Cooling Rate on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Property of Cast Al-20% Si Alloy

Jun JIANG¹,Shixin HUANG¹,Liandeng WANG²,Sibin ZHANG¹,Dingyi ZHU¹(

)

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
2. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China

引用本文:

江峻,黄诗鑫,王连登,张思彬,朱定一. 冷却速率对Al-20%Si合金Si相形貌及性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2019, 33(4): 291-298.
Jun JIANG, Shixin HUANG, Liandeng WANG, Sibin ZHANG, Dingyi ZHU. Effect of Cooling Rate on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Property of Cast Al-20% Si Alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(4): 291-298.

全文: PDF(18147 KB) HTML

摘要:

使用高精度测温仪、金相显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)等手段，研究了冷却速率、过冷度和再辉温度对Al-20%Si合金Si相形貌和性能的影响。结果表明:Al-20%Si合金初生Si的平均尺寸(D)与冷却速率(v)呈幂函数关系D=260.6v^-3/4，而与再辉温度(T_m)则呈线性关系D=0.25T_m-143.12；降低初生Si生长的再辉温度，是控制晶粒长大的关键；铜模的高蓄热系数能持续降低初生Si的形核温度和再辉温度，使初生Si细小；初生Si由小平面生长转变为非小平面生长的临界过冷度为70 K，与理论计算结果(74 K)基本一致；随着冷却速率的增大、过冷度的增加和再辉温度的降低，Al-20%Si合金的凝固组织显著细化，合金的抗拉强度由167 MPa提高到210 MPa，延伸率则由2.14%提高到3.89%。

关键词 ：金属材料, Al-20%Si合金, 冷却速率, 再辉温度, Si相形貌, 力学性能

Abstract：

The effect of cooling rate, undercooling degree and recalescence temperature on the morphology of the primary Si-phase and the mechanical property of Al-20%Si alloy were investigated by means of high-precision thermometer, optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the average size (D) of the primary Si in Al-20%Si alloy is a power function of the cooling rate (v) as D=260.6v^-3/4, and linearly related to the recalescence temperature (T_m) as D=0.25T_m-143.12; Reducing the recalescence temperature of the primary Si growth was the key to control the grain growth, the copper mold with high thermal storage coefficient may be favourable to the sustainable reduction of the nucleation temperature and recalescence temperature of the primary Si, so that the primary Si size was small; The critical supercooling degree of 70 K was needed for the transformation of the primary Si growth from facet-like to non-facet-like ones, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation (74 K). With the increase of cooling rate and the undercooling degree, while the decrease of recalescence temperature, the solidified microstructure of Al-20%Si alloy was refined remarkably, correspondingly, the tensile strength of the Al-20%Si alloy increased from 167 MPa to 210 MPa and the elongation increased from 2.14% to 3.89 % respectively.

Key words： metallic materials Al-20%Si alloy cooling rate faihui temperature morphology of Si phase mechanical properties

收稿日期: 2018-04-27

ZTFLH:

TG146

基金资助:国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA71350)

作者简介: 江峻，男，1992年生，研究生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2018.297 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2019/V33/I4/291

图1 浇铸模具的示意图

图2 不同厚度的钢模冷却和铜模冷却Al-20%Si合金凝固后的形貌

图3 钢模冷却试件的凝固曲线

图4 铜模冷却试件的凝固曲线

表1 钢模冷却合金中的初生Si尺寸与过冷度、再辉温度、冷却速率的关系

表2 铜模冷却合金中的初生Si尺寸与过冷度、再辉温度、冷却速率的关系

图5 初生Si平均尺寸与再辉温度之间的关系

图6 初生Si平均尺寸与冷却速率之间的关系

图7 不同厚度的钢模冷却和铜模冷却Al-20%Si合金深腐蚀后初生Si相的形貌

图8 在不同介质中冷却的Al-20%Si合金试件的抗拉强度和延伸率与厚度的关系

图9 钢模冷却和铜模冷却Al-20%Si合金拉的伸断口形貌

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