Mo/Nb/Ta/Ti微合金化310S不锈钢在700℃的第二相析出

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2017.627

材料研究学报

2018, Vol. 32

Issue (5): 371-380 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2017.627

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

Mo/Nb/Ta/Ti微合金化310S不锈钢在700℃的第二相析出

吕阳¹, 温冬辉¹, 王镇华¹, 王清¹(

), 唐睿², 何欢³

1 大连理工大学三束材料改性教育部重点实验室材料科学与工程学院大连 116024
2 中国核动力研究设计院反应堆燃料及材料重点实验室成都 610213
3 广西有色金属及特色材料加工重点实验室南宁 530004

Second-phase Precipitation in Mo/Nb/Ta/Ti Minor-alloyed 310S Stainless Steel at 700℃

Yang LV¹, Donghui WEN¹, Zhenhua WANG¹, Qing WANG¹(

), Rui TANG², Huan HE³

1 Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
2 Science and Technology on Reactor Fuel and Materials Laboratory, Nuclear Power Institute of China, Chengdu 610213, China
3 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metal and Featured Materials, Nanning 530004, China

引用本文:

吕阳, 温冬辉, 王镇华, 王清, 唐睿, 何欢. Mo/Nb/Ta/Ti微合金化310S不锈钢在700℃的第二相析出[J]. 材料研究学报, 2018, 32(5): 371-380.
Yang LV, Donghui WEN, Zhenhua WANG, Qing WANG, Rui TANG, Huan HE. Second-phase Precipitation in Mo/Nb/Ta/Ti Minor-alloyed 310S Stainless Steel at 700℃[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2018, 32(5): 371-380.

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摘要:

高Cr/Ni奥氏体不锈钢在高温下的组织稳定性及第二相析出直接影响合金的力学性能,本文以低碳310S奥氏体不锈钢(Fe-25Cr-22Ni-0.046C, %,质量分数)为基础合金,通过添加多种微量合金化元素(Mo, Nb, Ta, Ti)来研究其对合金第二相析出的影响。采用真空电弧炉熔炼合金锭样品,并在1150℃进行多道次热轧,然后进行1150℃/0.5 h固溶处理(水冷),900℃/0.5 h稳定化处理并随炉冷却,最后在700℃下进行25~408 h时效处理。对不同状态下的样品进行XRD结构分析、金相(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)组织表征以及力学性能测试。实验结果表明,Mo/Nb/Ta/Ti共同微合金化虽然提高了合金的强度,但会使得脆性σ相出现在初期的稳定化阶段,并且在随后的时效过程中,随时效时间延长,σ相含量增加,但是已经析出的Cr₂₃C₆也会逐步溶解,从而恶化了合金高温下的力学性能。微量合金化会影响310S合金高温下的第二相析出行为,而影响其组织稳定性。

关键词 ：金属材料, 奥氏体不锈钢, 310S合金, 微合金化, 相析出, 组织稳定性

Abstract：

The microstructural stability and second-phase precipitation of austenitic stainless steels (ASSs) with high Cr and Ni contents at high temperatures affect their mechanical property directly. The effect of minor-addition of Mo, Nb, Ta, and Ti on the second-phase precipitation in a low-carbon 310S stainless steel (Fe-25Cr-22Ni-0.046C, %, mass fraction) has been investigated in the present work. Alloy ingots were prepared by vacuum arc melting, and hot rolled at 1150℃ for multiple passes into sheets. The sheet samples were then heat-treated in sequence: solid-solution at 1150℃ for 0.5 h followed by water cooling, stabilization at 900℃ for 0.5 h followed by furnace cooling, and aging treatment at 700℃ for different times (25~408 h). The steels were characterized by means of XRD, OM, SEM and TEM. Their mechanical property were examined after different treatments. Experimental results show that the co-addition of minor Mo/Nb/Ta/Ti improves the strength of the steels. However, the brittle σ-phase began to appear at the early stage of stabilization process in the Mo/Nb/Ta/Ti-modified steel, while it was not existed in the master steel 310S. During the aging process, the content of σ-phase particles increases with the increase of aging time, and the coarse Cr₂₃C₆ particles will be dissolved finally, which will deteriorate the mechanical property of the steels. Both the types and amounts of minor-alloying elements affect the second-phase precipitation, and then the microstructural stability.

Key words： metallic materials austenitic stainless steels 310S alloy micro-alloying phase precipitation microstructural stability

收稿日期: 2017-10-20

基金资助:资助项目国际科技合作计划(2015DFR60370), 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DUT16ZD212), 国际热核聚变实验堆计划(2015GB121004), 国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0702400和2017YFB0306100), 广西有色金属及特色材料加工重点实验室开放基金(GXKFJ16-11)

作者简介:

作者简介吕阳,女,1994年生,硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2017.627 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2018/V32/I5/371

表1 合金化学成分(%, 质量分数)

图1 310S和M-310S合金样品固溶和700 ℃时效408 h的XRD谱

图2 M-310S合金固溶处理后的显微组织

图3 310S和M-310S合金经过900℃/0.5 h稳定化处理后显微组织的OM(a, c)和SEM(b, d)像

图5 M-310S合金在700℃时效不同时间后显微组织的OM和SEM像

图4 310S在700℃时效不同时间后显微组织的OM和SEM像

表2 310S和M-310S在不同时间时效阶段析出粒子的类型、尺寸和体积分数(f)

图6 时效408 h的M-310S合金中析出相的TEM明场像和选区电子衍射花样

图7 稳定化处理后两种合金的室温工程拉伸应力-应变曲线

图8 310S和M-310S合金在700℃时效下的显微硬度HV(稳定化状态的硬度记作时效0 h)

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