焊后热处理对<strong>7055-0.1Sc</strong>铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的组织与力学性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2022.568

材料研究学报

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (11): 809-817 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2022.568

研究论文

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焊后热处理对7055-0.1Sc铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的组织与力学性能的影响

马俊雅¹^,², 张振²(

), 李静静¹, 王贝贝², 王英君³, 薛鹏², 刘峰超², 倪丁瑞², 肖伯律², 马宗义²

^1.沈阳理工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110159
^2.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
^3.东北轻合金有限责任公司哈尔滨 150060

Effect of Post-Weld Heat Treatment on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded 7055-0.1Sc Aluminum Alloy

MA Junya¹^,², ZHANG Zhen²(

), LI Jingjing¹, WANG Beibei², WANG Yingjun³, XUE Peng², LIU Fengchao², NI Dingrui², XIAO Bolv², MA Zongyi²

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China
^2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.Northeast Light Alloy Co., LTD., Harbin 150060, China

引用本文:

马俊雅, 张振, 李静静, 王贝贝, 王英君, 薛鹏, 刘峰超, 倪丁瑞, 肖伯律, 马宗义. 焊后热处理对7055-0.1Sc铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的组织与力学性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2023, 37(11): 809-817.
Junya MA, Zhen ZHANG, Jingjing LI, Beibei WANG, Yingjun WANG, Peng XUE, Fengchao LIU, Dingrui NI, Bolv XIAO, Zongyi MA. Effect of Post-Weld Heat Treatment on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded 7055-0.1Sc Aluminum Alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 37(11): 809-817.

全文: PDF(14376 KB) HTML

摘要:

对11 mm厚的7055-0.1Sc-T4铝合金板材进行搅拌摩擦焊接，研究了焊后热处理对接头的组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，热处理前接头的硬度分布呈“W”形，接头前进侧和后退侧都有一个最低硬度区，强度系数为63.0%~73.8%，拉伸断口位于后退侧最低硬度区。焊后人工时效(120℃×24 h)热处理使焊核的硬度提高，但是不改变接头最低硬度区的硬度，对拉伸性能和断裂行为的影响甚微。焊后的固溶(470℃×1.5 h+水淬)+人工时效(120℃×24 h)(T6)热处理不改变低焊速接头的晶粒组织，但是使高焊速接头焊核区底部的晶粒异常长大；T6热处理使接头各区域原有的沉淀相溶解，重新生成细小均匀的η'和η(MgZn₂)沉淀相，使其硬度显著提高；T6热处理使接头沿“S”线附近出现微小的孔洞、在拉伸过程中沿“S”线开裂、其抗拉强度比焊接态大幅度提高，达到母材强度的87%，但是其塑性严重降低。

关键词 ：金属材料, 搅拌摩擦焊接, 焊后热处理, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

7055-0.1Sc-T4 aluminum Al-alloy plates of 11 mm in thickness were firstly subjected to friction stir welding (FSW) and then the effect of post-weld heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the FSW joints was investigated. The results show that for the as welded FSW joints, the hardness profiles distribution exhibited “W” shaped pattern with the low hardness zone (LHZ) on both the retreating (RS) and the advancing sides (AS), respectively. And the joints fractured at the LHZ on RS with the strength coefficient are 63.0%-73.8%. After the post-weld artificial aging at 120℃ for 12 h (AA), the hardness of the nugget zone (NZ) increased but the hardness of the LHZ, tensile properties and fracture location were unchanged. Solution treatment at 535℃ for 1.5 h+water quenching+artificial aging at 120℃ for 12 h (T6) did not change the grain structure of the joint under low welding speed of mm/min, but caused the abnormal grain growth at the bottom of the NZ under high welding speed of 250 mm/min. Moreover, T6 heat treatment resulted in the dissolution of the original precipitates and the re-precipitation of fine and uniform η′ and η (MgZn₂) phases, and therefore significantly improved the hardness of the joints. The T6 joint cracked along the “S” line during tension with a seriously reduced plasticity and joint efficiency of 87%.

Key words： metallic materials friction stir welding post-weld heat treatment microstructure mechanical properties

收稿日期: 2022-10-25

ZTFLH:

TG457.14

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52275392);辽宁省优秀青年基金(2021-YQ-01);辽宁自然科学基金(2021-MS-011)

通讯作者: 张振，副研究员，zhangzhen@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为高强铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接

Corresponding author: ZHANG Zhen, Tel: (024)23971752, E-mail: zhangzhen@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 马俊雅，女，1995年生，硕士生

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	马俊雅
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	倪丁瑞
	肖伯律
	马宗义
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表1 7055-0.1Sc-T4轧制板材的化学成分

表2 7055-0.1Sc-T4轧制板材的拉伸性能

图1 拉伸试样的尺寸

图2 FSW 7055-0.1Sc-T4焊接态和T6态接头横截面的宏观形貌

图3 图2c, d中黑色箭头所示位置的放大图

图4 FSW 7055-0.1Sc-T4焊接态和T6态接头不同位置的微观组织

图5 FSW 7055-0.1Sc-T4焊接态和T6态接头的“S”线分布

图6 FSW 7055-0.1Sc-T4接头横截面中心线的显微硬度分布

图7 FSW 7055-0.1Sc-T4焊接态和T6接头沉淀相的分布

表3 FSW 7055-0.1Sc-T4的接头热处理前后的拉伸性能

图8 FSW 7055-0.1Sc-T4焊接态和T6接头的断裂位置

图9 FSW 7055-0.1Sc-T4焊接态和T6接头断口的形貌

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