淬火冷却速率对<strong>6082</strong>铝合金力学性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.382

材料研究学报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (5): 337-344 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.382

研究论文

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淬火冷却速率对6082铝合金力学性能的影响

王静¹, 徐国富¹^,², 李耀¹, 李芳芳¹, 黄继武¹^,², 彭小燕¹(

)

1.中南大学材料科学与工程学院长沙 410083
2.中南大学有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室长沙 410083

Effect of Quench Rate on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 6082 Al-alloy

WANG Jing¹, XU Guofu¹^,², LI Yao¹, LI Fangfang¹, HUANG Jiwu¹^,², PENG Xiaoyan¹(

)

1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
2.Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

引用本文:

王静, 徐国富, 李耀, 李芳芳, 黄继武, 彭小燕. 淬火冷却速率对6082铝合金力学性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(5): 337-344.
Jing WANG, Guofu XU, Yao LI, Fangfang LI, Jiwu HUANG, Xiaoyan PENG. Effect of Quench Rate on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 6082 Al-alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(5): 337-344.

全文: PDF(6400 KB) HTML

摘要:

采用末端淬火(JEQ)实验、使用JMatpro7.0模拟软件并结合硬度、拉伸性能测试以及透射电子显微镜(TEM)观测，研究了轨道交通用6082铝合金的淬火敏感性。结果表明：(1)由JMatpro7.0模拟得到的TTT曲线表明，6082铝合金的淬火敏感温度区间为220~425℃，β和β''相的鼻尖温度为375℃。合金的CCT曲线表明，为了抑制淬火过程中β'(亚稳相)的析出，合金的淬火冷却速率必须大于6℃/s；(2)随着末端淬火距离D的增大6082铝合金的时效态硬度和强度下降，淬透深度为23 mm；(3)随着淬火冷却速率的降低淬火诱导析出相β在异质形核点α-(AlMnFeSi)相上优先析出，在后续的时效过程中β相长大并吸收周围的溶质原子，晶内时效析出强化相β''减少；(4)慢冷过程中，晶界附近的空位浓度降低，晶界的无沉淀析出带(PFZ)变宽。

关键词 ：金属材料, 6082铝合金, 末端淬火, 力学性能, 微观组织

Abstract：

The quenching sensitivity of 6082 Al-alloy used in rail transit was investigated systematically by means of Jominy end-quench (JEQ) test, JMatpro7.0 simulation software, hardness test, tensile test and TEM. Results show that (1) The quenching sensitive temperature range is between 220~425℃. The nasal tip temperature for β'- and β''-phase is 375℃. According to the CCT curve, in order to suppress the precipitation of metastable β'- phase the cooling rate should be greater than 6℃/s during quenching process; (2) The hardness and strength decreased with the increase of the distance from the quenched end, and the depth of aging hardening layer is about 23 mm; (3) the quench-induced β-precipitates preferentially precipitated and grown on the heterogeneous nucleation site of α-(AlMnFeSi) phase, with the decrease of quenching cooling rate. During the subsequent aging process, the β-phase grows and absorbs the surrounding solute atoms, the strengthening precipitated β''-phase is reduced; (4) During the slow cooling process, the vacancy concentration near the grain boundaries decreases, and the precipitationfree precipitation zone (PFZ) at the grain boundaries widens.

Key words： metallic materials 6082 aluminum alloy Jominy end-quench mechanical properties microstructure

收稿日期: 2019-08-02

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

基金资助:广东省科学研究计划(2016B090931004);中南大学博士后基金(220363)

作者简介: 王静，女，1995年生，硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.382 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2020/V34/I5/337

表1 实验用6082铝合金的化学成分(质量分数, %)

图1 末端淬火装置示意图和末端淬火试样

图2 使用JMatPro 7.0软件模拟得到6082合金的TTT曲线和 CCT曲线

图3 端淬冷却曲线和不同位置的平均冷却速率

图4 时效态JEQ棒的硬度曲线与硬度损失值以及不同位置处拉伸结果绘制曲线

图5 淬火态6082合金的TEM形貌

图6 时效态6082合金的TEM形貌

图7 时效态6082合金晶界的TEM形貌

图8 时效态6082合金晶内的TEM形貌

图9 合金时效态的布氏硬度与淬火冷却速率的关系

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