环氧树脂改性聚乳酸<strong>/</strong>低熔点尼龙<strong>6</strong>复合材料的结构和性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2018.533

材料研究学报

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (4): 261-270 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2018.533

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

环氧树脂改性聚乳酸/低熔点尼龙6复合材料的结构和性能

李明专^1,²,胡孝迎^1,²,何敏^1,²,于杰²,鲁圣军^1,²(

)

1. 贵州大学材料与冶金学院贵阳 550025
2. 国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心贵阳 550014

Structure and Properties of Epoxy Modified PLA/Low Melting Point PA6 Composites

Mingzhuan LI^1,²,Xiaoying HU^1,²,Min HE^1,²,Jie YU²,Shengjun LU^1,²(

)

1. College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
2. National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, Guiyang 550014, China

引用本文:

李明专,胡孝迎,何敏,于杰,鲁圣军. 环氧树脂改性聚乳酸/低熔点尼龙6复合材料的结构和性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2019, 33(4): 261-270.
Mingzhuan LI, Xiaoying HU, Min HE, Jie YU, Shengjun LU. Structure and Properties of Epoxy Modified PLA/Low Melting Point PA6 Composites[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(4): 261-270.

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摘要:

用“熔融挤出-热拉伸-淬冷”法制备环氧树脂改性聚乳酸(ePLA)/低熔点尼龙6(LMPA6)复合材料，使用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TGA)、流变仪和电子拉伸机等手段研究了具有不同LMPA6含量的ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的结晶行为、热性能、流变性能以及力学性能。DSC结果表明，LMPA6的加入改变了PLA的晶体结构，显著改变了复合材料体系的冷结晶温度、冷结晶熔融温度。热重分析(TGA)结果表明，LMPA6的加入提高了ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的热稳定性。动态力学性能结果表明，LMPA6的加入提高了ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)。流变学测试结果表明，应变(γ)超过临界应变(γ_C)后储能模量(G')呈非线性下降，出现“Payne”效应。这种复合材料表现出非牛顿流体的特性—“剪切变稀”行为，而且随着LMPA6含量的提高体系的“剪切变稀”行为更加明显。根据扫描电镜照片，在LMPA6含量为7％的体系中出现微纤结构，使其相容性最好。LMPA6的加入在一定程度上提高了复合材料的强度和韧性，特别是LMPA6含量为7％的复合材料其拉伸强度(72.8MPa)和冲击强度(5.0 kJ/m²)达到极值，比改性聚乳酸(65.7 MPa，2.8 kJ/m²)分别提高了10.8%和78.6%。

关键词 ：复合材料, 聚乳酸, 环氧树脂, 低熔点尼龙6, 流变行为, 增韧

Abstract：

Composites of epoxy resin modified polylactic acid (ePLA)/low melting point nylon 6 (LMPA6) were prepared via method of “melting extrusion—hot stretching—quenching”. The crystallization behavior, thermal, rheological and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), rheometer and electronical stretching machine. Results show that the addition of LMPA6 changed the crystal structure of PLA, and further significantly changed the cold crystallization temperature and melting temperature of cold crystallization of the composite; The addition of LMPA6 could enhance the thermal stability and the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the ePLA/LMPA6 composites, while the storage modulus (G') decrease nonlinearly when the strain (γ) exceeds the critical strain (γ_C), namely the “Payne” effect appeared; The composites exhibited the characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids—"shear thinning", and which was more pronounced with the increasing content of LMPA6; When the LMPA6 content was 7%, the microfibrous structure appeared in the composite, thereby which exhibited the best compatibility; The addition of LMPA6 could enhance the strength and toughness of the composites to a certain extent, especially, when the LMPA6 content was 7%, the tensile strength (72.8 MPa) and the impact strength (5.0 kJ/m²) reached the extreme value, which were 10.8% and 78.6% higher than that of modified PLA (65.7 MPa, 2.8 kJ/m²), respectively.

Key words： composites polylactic acid epoxy resin low melting point nylon 6 rheological behavior toughening

收稿日期: 2018-09-03

ZTFLH:

TQ323

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51563002);贵州省“百层次”创新型人才项目黔科合平台人才项目([2016]5653)

作者简介: 李明专，男，1993年生，硕士生

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表1 ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的组成

图1 ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的反应机理及其结构示意图

图2 ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的扫描电镜照片

图3 不同LMPA6含量的ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的XRD曲线

图4 不同LMPA6含量的ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的DSC曲线

表2 不同LMPA6含量ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的DSC数据

图5 不同LMPA6含量的ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的热重曲线

图6 不同LMPA6含量的ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的动态力学曲线

图7 不同LMPA6含量的ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的储能模量(G')与应变(γ)的关系

图8 不同LMPA6含量的ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的储能模量(G')和损耗模量(G'')与频率(ω)的关系

图9 不同LMPA6含量的ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的黏度(η)与剪切速率(γ)的关系

图10 ePLA/LMPA6复合材料的力学性能与LMPA6含量的关系

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