水热法制备二氧化铈纳米空心球及其吸附性能研究*

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2015.440

材料研究学报

2016, Vol. 30

Issue (5): 365-371 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2015.440

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

水热法制备二氧化铈纳米空心球及其吸附性能研究*

张姣, 江学良(

), 余露, 陈江涛

武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院武汉 430073

Ceria Hollow Nanospheres Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method and Their Adsorption Capacity

ZHANG Jiao, JIANG Xueliang^**(

), YU Lu, CHEN Jiangtao

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China

引用本文:

张姣, 江学良, 余露, 陈江涛. 水热法制备二氧化铈纳米空心球及其吸附性能研究*[J]. 材料研究学报, 2016, 30(5): 365-371.
Jiao ZHANG, Xueliang JIANG, Lu YU, Jiangtao CHEN. Ceria Hollow Nanospheres Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method and Their Adsorption Capacity[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2016, 30(5): 365-371.

全文: PDF(5537 KB) HTML

摘要:

用六水硝酸铈(Ce(NO₃)₃6H₂O)作为铈源, 以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面活性剂, 在乙二醇的水溶液中通过水热法制备了单分散、粒径较均一的CeO₂纳米空心球。利用傅立叶转换红外分析(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线能谱(XPS)、N₂等温吸附-解吸及紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)来表征CeO₂纳米空心球并研究其吸附性能。结果表明, 水热法制备的CeO₂空心球是由立方萤石结构的纳米颗粒组装成的介孔中空材料, 孔径分布窄, 尺寸约为3~5 nm, 空心球的直径约为400 nm, 壁厚30 nm左右, 空心球的BET比表面积为76.86 m²g^-1。讨论了CeO₂空心球的制备机理, 所制备的CeO₂空心球对重铬酸钾溶液的吸附率可达到70%, 约为CeO₂粉末的3倍。

关键词 ：金属材料, CeO2纳米空心球, 水热法, 吸附性能

Abstract：

Uniform-sized and monodisperse ceria (CeO₂) hollow nanospheres were synthesized in a ethylene glycol aqueous solution with cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO₃)₃·6H₂O) as cerium sources and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as surfactant. The synthesized products were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption-desorption and UV-Vis. The results show that the porous CeO₂ hollow nanospheres composed of small nanoparticles with cubic fluorite structure; the average diameter and wall thickness of the CeO₂ hollow nanospheres were about 400nm and 30 nm respectively; they have a high specific surface area of 76.86 m²g^-1 and BJH pore size about 3~5 nm. On the basis of time-dependent experiment, the relevant formation mechanism was proposed. The ceria hollow nanospheres show an excellent adsorption rate about 70% of heavy metal ions at room temperature for Cr(VI) solutions, which is 3 times higher than that of ceria powder.

Key words： metallic materials ceria hollow nanospheres hydrothermal method adsorption capacity

收稿日期: 2015-08-04

ZTFLH:

TB383

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金51273154, 湖北省自然科学基金2011CBD220和武汉工程大学研究生教育创新基金CX2014064资助项目

作者简介: 本文联系人：江学良，教授

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2015.440 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2016/V30/I5/365

图1 前驱体和煅烧后CeO2空心球的FT-IR光谱

图2 前驱体和煅烧后CeO2空心球的XRD图谱

图3 纳米CeO2空心球的SEM和TEM照片

图4 不同反应时间制备的CeO2样品的SEM和TEM像

图5 CeO2空心球的XPS全谱和Ce3d谱

图6 CeO2空心球的N2吸附-解吸等温曲线以及BJH孔径分布曲线

图7 CeO2纳米空心球的制备原理图

图8 样品在不同时间对Cr(VI)溶液的吸附率曲线

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