Oxidation behavior of two ferrite/martensite(F/M) steels, namely a novel 9%-12% Cr modified F/M steel (SIMP steel) and a commercial T91 steel were comparatively studied in air at 800^oC. The oxide scales formed on the two steels were characterized by XRD, SEM and EPMA. The results show that the oxide scale formed on SIMP steel is single-layer composed of Cr₂O₃ and Mn_1.5Cr_1.5O₄ spinel particles, and Si was enriched at the interface between the chromia scale and matrix; while the oxide scale formed on T91 steel has a double layered structure with an outer hematite Fe₂O₃ layer and an inner Fe-Cr spinel layer. The SIMP steel has better high temperature oxidation resistance than T91 steel, which may be due to the higher content of Cr and Si beneficial to the formation of the compact oxide scale on the SIMP steel.

The effect of extrusion temperature on the tensile properties and fracture toughness of an Al-Zn-Mg alloy was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, tensile tests and Kahn tear tests. The results showed that after extrusion the alloy possesses a surface layer composed of fine equiaxed grains with higher toughness in the L-T orientation than that of its center layer, which composed of fiber-like texture and recrystallized grains, while the tensile strength of the center layer is higher than that of the surface layer. When the extrusion temperature increases from 440-450℃ to 480-490℃, the dynamic recrystallization becomes more serious, and the tensile properties and fracture toughness become lower and higher respectively. After aging the precipitates in grains become smaller and the precipitates at grain boundaries are coarsening and discontinuous. Taking the central layer for example, the volume fraction of recrystallized grains increases from 14.8% to 52.3%, correspondingly σ_0.2 increases from 280 MPa to 314 MPa, while UIE decrease from 229 Nmm^-1 to 204 Nmm^-1.

Nd₂Fe₁₄B/α-Fe composite magnets were fabricated by mechanically ball milling. The influence of Dy₂O₃ doping on the coercivity of the nanocomposite magnets was studied in detail. It was found that the coercivity of the composite magnets can be significantly improved by Dy₂O₃ doping, and the annealing temperature corresponding to the maximum coercivity decreases with the increase of Dy₂O₃ content. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the lattice parameters of Nd₂Fe₁₄B decreased due to Dy₂O₃ doping, indicating that (Nd, Dy)₂Fe₁₄B hard magnetic phase formed after Dy partial replacement for Nd. Therefore, the enhancement of coercivity of the magnets can be mainly attributed to the increase of the magnetic crystalline anisotropy of the hard magnetic phase. However, with the increase of the magnetic crystalline anisotropy, the effective exchange coupling length was shortened, thereby, the coercivity dropped due to over doping of Dy₂O₃.

The copper in copper-smelting slags can be removed effectively by means of chloridizing roast process, which is beneficial to recover iron from the copper-smelting slags. Thermodynamic analysis was carried out to characterize the performance of copper and iron during the chloridizing roast process. It follows that in a certain range of processing parameters, the copper removal rate can be enhanced with the increasing ing temperature and time for the process, and the increasing amount of CaCl₂ addition and FeSO₄. When the addition amount of FeSO₄ was higher than 0.15 (mass ratio of FeSO₄ to copper slags), SO₂ was produced excessively and the (FeO) content in the reaction bed increased quickly. The generated FeO can be chlorinated easily, thereby caused an obvious increase of iron loss and decrease of the copper removal rates. The copper content in the slags decreased from 1.06% to 0.11% after a chloridizing roast treatment at 1373 K for 30 minutes, with an O₂ flow velocity of 0.40 Lmin^-1 and an addition amount of CaCl₂ of 0.20 (mass ratios of CaCl₂ to copper slags) and FeSO₄ of 0.15(mass ratios of FeSO₄ to copper slags).

Polyurethane coatings with two kinds of sillitin, i.e. M type and Z type sillitin respectively as filler were prepared and sprayed on hot dip galvanized steel sheets. The coatings exhibited better mechanical properties than the simple polyurethane coating, i.e. the wear resistance and the hardness of the polyurethane coating may be enhanced by 57.1% and 14.5%, as well as 85.7% and 41.8% for the addition of M type and Z type sillitin respectively. The coatings with the two types of sillitin exhibited also better corrosion resistance. The reason is that two types of sillitin are of a special structure composed of micro-sized granular silica and nano-flake kaolin clay, and the sillitin possesses high amount of nano-flake, which may be beneficial to the enhancement of the permeation resistance and mechanical properties of the coatings.

A solution for electro-spinning of fibers was prepared via non-hydrolytic sol-gel method with ethanol and dimethyl formamide (DMF) as solvent, MgCl₂ and AlCl₃ as raw material and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as additive. With the above solution, precursor fibers of magnesia-alumina spinel were prepared by electrospinning technology, which then were calcined at 900℃ to finally produce fibers of magnesia-alumina spinel. The effect of gelation temperature, the content of gel and PVP on the phase composition and microstructure of magnesia-alumina spinel fibers was studied by XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM. The result shows that magnesia-alumina spinel fibers could be produced with the fiber precursor prepared with the fresh solution which was not subjected to sol-gel treatment, but such fibers were cross-linked seriously and on which there existed significant amount of moniliform particles; For those made of the fiber precursor prepared with the solution after gelation at 120℃, such fibers were apt to fracture and the diameter of which increased with the increasing dosage of gel and PVP; For those made of the fiber precursor prepared with the solution after gelation at 100℃ with a dosage of 0.068 mol/L gel and 0.045 g/mL PVP, the fibers were smooth, continuous and homogeneous with an average diameter 121 nm, and furthermore, these fibers still showed good a morphology even after calcined at 1600℃.

Ternary selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts composed of transition metal oxide M_xO_y (M=Cr, Mn, V, Fe, Cu, Co), zirconia and ceria were prepared. The catalysts were characterized in terms of surface area, pore structure, crystal structure, element valence state, type of acidic sites and redox ability and catalytical properties by means of low-temperature N₂ adsorption (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), NH₃-temperature programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD) and H₂-temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) methods. The results show that the ternary catalyst of Mn-Zr-Ce oxides exhibited good low-temperature (<200℃) activity, but poor high-temperature (>250℃) activity. The ternary catalyst of Cr-Zr-Ce oxides showed good and stable activity in the whole temperature range 100-300℃. The ternary catalyst of V-Zr-Ce oxides was very poor in catalyzing the SCR reaction at low temperature (<200℃), but exhibited better performance at high temperature (around 300℃). The sulphur-tolerance of the as-made samples were also investigated. All the phenomena observed were explained on the basis of the characterization results of the as-made samples.

Polyaniline (PANI) microemulsion, which is miscible with acrylate emulsion, was synthesized with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as emulsifier. PANI/VFAc composite emulsions were prepared by blending PANI microemulsion and the versatate modified acrylate emulsion containing fluorine (versatate-fluoro-acrylate emulsion, VFAc). Then PANI/VFAc composite emulsion was applied on Q235 steel surface to prepare the composite anticorrosion coatings. The molecular structure and particle size of PANI were characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analyzer. The influence of different proportion of PANI microemulsion and VFAc emulsion on properties such as hydrophobic, wet adhesion and anticorrosion of the formed coatings was studied. The results show that the composite coating exhibits the best hydrophobic property and corrosion resistance when the proportion of PANI microemulsion and VFAc emulsion is 1: 2. The anticorrosion mechanism of PANI/VFAc composite coating on Q235 steel was proposed.

Effect of the leaching process of SiO₂- and Al₂O₃-based ceramic core on the microstructure and mechanical property of the investment cast Co-based superalloy DZ40M is investigated. It is shown that after immersion in the leaching medium for SiO₂-based ceramic core for 24 h, the microstructure and mechanical property of the alloy does not vary evidently; although after immersion in the leaching medium for Al₂O₃-based ceramic core for above 300 h, the microstructure variation of DZ40M alloy is not evident, but its mechanical property decreased remarkably, which may be due to the occurrence of an embrittled layer of about 1 mm in thickness on the alloy surface. The embrittled layer is caused by hydrogen embrittlement resulted from charging hydrogen during immersion in the leaching medium for Al₂O₃-based ceramic core.

Accident of icing induced line break occurred for the electric power transmissionline connecting Yucheng to Pugein the winter of 2011. Based on the observation and measured data, a broken section of the LGJ-630/45-type power line of stranded aluminum wires with steel core exhibited 12 broken aluminum wires with typical brittle fracture characteristics, but the rest wires were ductile fractured. On the basis of the theory of statics and dynamics of catenary beam element mode and large deflection bending beam element mode, the line breaking was analyzed by using ANSYS finite element method. Results show that the brittle fracture of 12 broken wires may be caused by fatigue, then the effective section of power line decreases, which further caused the rest wires to be broken due to overload. Icing and fluctuating wind lead the stress of the operating power line to be increased from 55.4 MPa to 97.9 MPa, which is the main cause to the line breaking. The power line resonate induced by the fluctuating wind, thus the mean stress of asymmetric fatigue increases, , and the fatigue life of the line significant decreases. Corresponding to all the above considerations, the realstress of the operating line increases from 97.9 MPa to 275.2 MPa and thereby the ductile fracture occurs due to that the real stress exceeded the failure stress of 221 MPa of the operating line.

Nanocrystals of BiPO₄ and BiPO₄: Tb³⁺ were prepared by a room-temperature co-precipitation method, and then followed by post hydrothermal- and high temperature-treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses indicated that all the prepared samples are crystalline as a pure low-temperature monoclinic phase of BiPO₄. The spectra of BiPO₄: Tb³⁺ powders showed the characteristics of Tb³⁺ emission at 544 nm corresponding to the transition of ⁵D₄→⁷F₅ under irradiation of 370 nm light. Finally, the processing parameters were further optimized to acquire the BiPO₄: Tb³⁺ to possess proper crystallinity, surface hydration layers and ethanol species, and thereby to get optimal luminescence performance for the BiPO₄: Tb³⁺ powders.