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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2016, Vol. 30 Issue (3): 161-170    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2015.188
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Study on Mechanisms of Microbiologically Influenced Corrision of Metal from the Perspective of Bio-electrochemistry and Bio-energetics
XIA Jin1, XU Dake2,**(), NAN Li2, LIU Hongfang3, LI Qi1, YANG Ke2
1. College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
2. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
3. School of Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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XIA Jin, XU Dake, NAN Li, LIU Hongfang, LI Qi, YANG Ke. Study on Mechanisms of Microbiologically Influenced Corrision of Metal from the Perspective of Bio-electrochemistry and Bio-energetics. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2016, 30(3): 161-170.

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Abstract  

People realized that microbes can cause serious microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) attack on metals since a century ago. In the past 20 years, the research relevant to MIC became more and more important due to severe damages and huge economic losses caused by microorganisms. Due to a lack of understanding, MIC has even been considered to be a "myth" in the field of corrosion, therefore, a theory which can cogently explain MIC phenomena is needed. The latest research result indicated that MIC is a bioelectrochemical process in essence. When the organic carbon is not available or fully consumed, metal such as iron would replace organic carbons as an electron donor for microorganisms, resulting in the occurrence of MIC. In addition, another theory related with the mechanism of MIC is that microbes could secrete corrosive metabolites such as organic acids. It is well known that corrosion is an exergonic process, and the microorganisms would utilize the energy released by the corrosion of metal to obtain their maintenance energy. Currently, electrochemical methods are widely used in MIC research, and the classical cathodic depolarization theory (CDT) was proposed based on electrochemistry. However, if only from the perspective of the electrochemistry, many phenomena of MIC can not be cogently explained. Researchers realized that the knowledge of bioenergetics and bioelectrochemistry may be the key to better understand the interactions between microorganisms and metals and then the process of MIC. This review is to summarize the recent works, and introduce the latest theories concerning the mechanism of MIC emphatically, such as biocatalytic cathodic sulfate reduction (BCSR) and electrical microbial influenced corrosion (EMIC). The introduction of the novel perspective to study MIC from bioenergetics and bioelectrochemistry is also provided in this review. Based on bioenergetics and bioelectrochemistry, the BCSR theory can cogently explain how and why MIC happens, which has been a long-term unsolved research problem.
Key words:  materials failure and protection      microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC)      sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)      biofilm      bio-energetics      extracellular electron transfer     
Received:  07 April 2015     
ZTFLH:  TG171  
Fund: *Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China No.51501203 and the Young Merit Scholars Programe of IMR, CAS
About author:  To whom correspondence should be addressed, Tel: (024)23971880, E-mail: xudake@imr.ac.cn
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Jin XIA
Dake XU
Li NAN
Hongfang LIU
Qi LI
Ke YANG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2015.188     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2016/V30/I3/161

Fig.1  Dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway (Sulfate respiration)[34]
Fig.2  Three kinds of electron transfer ways in SRB corrosion of metals [58]
  
Fig.4  Schematic of porous SRB-biofilm embedded with conductive pyrrhotite[81]
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