碳纳米管<strong>/</strong>氧化锌协同增强碳纤维复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.158

材料研究学报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (1): 61-70 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.158

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

碳纳米管/氧化锌协同增强碳纤维复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能

马源¹^,², 王函¹, 倪忠强¹^,², 张建岗¹^,², 张若南¹^,², 孙新阳¹^,², 李处森¹(

), 刘畅¹^,², 曾尤¹^,²(

)

1 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心沈阳 110016
2 中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016

Synergistic Effect of Carbon Nanotubes with Zinc Oxide Nanowires for Enhanced Electromagnetic Shielding Performance of Hybrid Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites

MA Yuan¹^,², WANG Han¹, NI Zhongqiang¹^,², ZHANG Jiangang¹^,², ZHANG Ruonan¹^,², SUN Xinyang¹^,², LI Chusen¹(

), LIU Chang¹^,², ZENG You¹^,²(

)

1 Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

马源, 王函, 倪忠强, 张建岗, 张若南, 孙新阳, 李处森, 刘畅, 曾尤. 碳纳米管/氧化锌协同增强碳纤维复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2024, 38(1): 61-70.
Yuan MA, Han WANG, Zhongqiang NI, Jiangang ZHANG, Ruonan ZHANG, Xinyang SUN, Chusen LI, Chang LIU, You ZENG. Synergistic Effect of Carbon Nanotubes with Zinc Oxide Nanowires for Enhanced Electromagnetic Shielding Performance of Hybrid Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(1): 61-70.

全文: PDF(8388 KB) HTML

摘要:

在碳纤维上原位生长氧化锌纳米线、沉积碳纳米管薄膜，经叠层铺设和真空辅助树脂浸渍成型制备出叠层混杂碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料，表征其微观结构并系统地研究了这种材料的电导率和电磁屏蔽性能。结果表明，这种复合材料(厚度为2 mm)在8.2~12.4 GHz波段的电磁屏蔽效能达到50 dB，比碳纤维复合材料提高了51.52%。这种材料的优异性能，可归因于氧化锌纳米线的高效介电损耗、连续碳纳米管薄膜的高导电性、层间多组元界面的多重反射和高效吸收损耗。

关键词 ：复合材料, 电磁屏蔽性能, 叠层混杂结构, 氧化锌纳米线, 碳纳米管

Abstract：

Developing advanced composites with high electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is of great significance to ensure safety and reliability of electronic devices in complex electromagnetic environments. We proposed a novel strategy to fabricate carbon fiber-based hybrid composites by in-situ growing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires onto carbon fiber (CF) and subsequently depositing carbon nanotubes (CNT), and infiltrating epoxy (EP) into laminated layers through vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding technique. Microstructures, electrical conductivity, and electromagnetic shielding performance of the acquired CNT-ZnO-CF/EP hybrid composites were investigated in detail. The hybrid composites of 2 mm thickness exhibited excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and their total electromagnetic shielding effectiveness was up to 50 dB in the 8.2~12.4 GHz band, increasing by 51.52% in comparison to the CF/EP composites. Such high performance is mainly attributed to the high dielectric loss of ZnO nanowires, high electrical conductivity of continuous CNT films, and multiple reflection/absorption losses between laminated structures and multi-component interfaces. This work paves a way for development of advanced composites with high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding and structure/function integration.

Key words： composites electromagnetic shielding performance laminated hybrid structures zinc oxide nanowires carbon nanotubes

收稿日期: 2023-03-06

ZTFLH:

TB332

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52130209);国家自然科学基金(51802317);辽宁省自然科学基金(22-KF-12-04);纳米功能复合材料山西省重点实验室开放基金(NFCM202102);中国科学院金属所所创基金(2022-PY07);沈阳材料科学国家研究中心项目(2022-FP35);沈阳市科技计划项目(22-316-1-04)

通讯作者: 曾尤，研究员，yzeng@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为纳米炭复合材料;
李处森，副研究员，csli@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为超宽频带吸波材料

Corresponding author: ZENG You, Tel: (024)83978090, E-mail: yzeng@imr.ac.cn;
LI Chusen, Tel: (024)83978019, E-mail: csli@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 马源，男，1996年生，硕士生

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	马源
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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.158 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2024/V38/I1/61

表1 复合材料组元的含量和密度

图1 CNT-ZnO-CF/EP叠层混杂复合材料的制备流程

图2 ZnO-CF的制备过程示意图、CF、PDA-CF、ZnO seed-CF和ZnO-CF的SEM照片、改性碳纤维的红外光谱、拉曼光谱、XRD谱以及热失重曲线

图3 用FCCVD法在ZnO-CF表面沉积CNT的装置示意图、CF表面沉积ZnO与CNT薄膜后的光学照片、CNT薄膜的SEM照片和拉曼光谱

图4 CF/EP、ZnO-CF/EP、CNT-ZnO-CF/EP复合材料的光学照片以及CF/EP、ZnO-CF/EP和CNT-ZnO-CF/EP复合材料脆断面的SEM照片

图5 CF、ZnO-CF和CNT-ZnO-CF的表面电导率和混杂复合材料的面内与面外体积电导率

图6 复合材料的总电磁屏蔽效能、反射与吸收效能、反射与吸收系数、介电常数实部、介电常数虚部、损耗角正切值以及电磁屏蔽机理示意图

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