两种“<strong>W</strong>替<strong>Re</strong>”型低成本第二代镍基单晶高温合金的高温持久变形机制

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2021.630

材料研究学报

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (5): 371-380 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2021.630

研究论文

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两种“W替Re”型低成本第二代镍基单晶高温合金的高温持久变形机制

周章瑞¹, 吕培森¹, 赵国旗², 张剑³, 赵云松³, 刘丽荣¹(

)

^1.沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110870
^2.贵州工程应用技术学院机械学院毕节 551700
^3.中国航发北京航空材料研究院先进高温结构材料重点实验室北京 100095

Stress Rupture Deformation Mechanism of Two "Replacement of Re by W" Type Low-cost Second-generation Nickel Based Single Crystal Superalloys at Elevated Temperatures

ZHOU Zhangrui¹, LV Peisen¹, ZHAO Guoqi², ZHANG Jian³, ZHAO Yunsong³, LIU Lirong¹(

)

^1.School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University of Engineering Science, Bijie 551700, China
^3.Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Material Laboratory, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China

引用本文:

周章瑞, 吕培森, 赵国旗, 张剑, 赵云松, 刘丽荣. 两种“W替Re”型低成本第二代镍基单晶高温合金的高温持久变形机制[J]. 材料研究学报, 2023, 37(5): 371-380.
Zhangrui ZHOU, Peisen LV, Guoqi ZHAO, Jian ZHANG, Yunsong ZHAO, Lirong LIU. Stress Rupture Deformation Mechanism of Two "Replacement of Re by W" Type Low-cost Second-generation Nickel Based Single Crystal Superalloys at Elevated Temperatures[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 37(5): 371-380.

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摘要:

用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)观察两种“W替Re”型低成本第二代镍基单晶高温合金分别在982℃/248 MPa和1070℃/137 MPa条件下持久变形断裂后的微观组织，研究了其变形的机制。结果表明，两种合金的持久性能均达到第二代单晶高温合金的水平；持久变形断裂后γ'相连接并合并成“N型筏”结构，随着与距离断口位置的接近γ'相的扭曲变形程度加剧。在相同条件下8.5W+1.0Re合金γ'相的筏形化程度比8.0W+1.5Re合金低；与982℃/248 MPa条件相比，在1070℃/137 MPa下两种合金持久变形断裂后的界面位错网更加致密。在相同条件下，8.0W+1.5Re合金比8.5W+1.0Re合金的位错网更致密，8.5W+1.0Re合金在两条件下持久变形断裂后都能观察到剪切进γ'相的a<010>超位错；两种合金失稳断裂的主要原因是，γ基体中的a/2<110>位错剪切进入γ'相使筏形γ'相变形加剧，裂纹在γ/γ'界面处萌生和扩展，最终使合金断裂；γ/γ'两相界面上的位错网和a<010>超位错可在一定程度上提高合金的持久变形抗力。

关键词 ：金属材料, 镍基单晶高温合金, 持久性能, 变形机制, 筏形γ'相

Abstract：

The microstructure and deformation mechanism of two "replacement of Re by W" type low-cost second-generation nickel based single crystal superalloys after fracture at 982℃/248 MPa and 1070℃/137 MPa were investigated by SEM and TEM. The results show that the stress rupture properties of two alloys both reached the level of the second-generation single crystal superalloys; After fracture γ′ phases connected and combined to form "N-type" rafted structure, and the degree of γ′ phases distortion increased with the distance from the fracture. Under the same conditions, the raft degree of γ′ phases in 8.5W+1.0Re alloy was lower than that in 8.0W+1.5Re alloy; At 1070℃/137 MPa, the interfacial dislocation networks of the two alloys became denser; However, the dislocation networks of 8.0W+1.5Re alloy were denser than that of 8.5W+1.0Re alloy, a<010> superdislocations shearing into the γ′ phases were observed after fracture in 8.5W+1.0Re alloy under both conditions; The unstable fracture of the two alloys was mainly ascribed to a/2<110> dislocations in γ matrix shearing into the rafted γ′ phases, which intensify the deformation of rafted γ′ phases, and results in initiation and propagation of microcracks at the γ/γ′ interface, eventually leading to the fracture of the alloy; The interfacial dislocation networks and a<010> superdislocations could both improve the creep resistance of the two alloys.

Key words： metallic materials nickel based single crystal superalloy stress rupture properties deformation mechanism rafted γ′ phases

收稿日期: 2021-11-12

ZTFLH:

TG146.1

基金资助:辽宁省自然科学基金(2020-MS-212);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目([2022]121)

作者简介: 周章瑞，男，1998年生，硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2021.630 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2023/V37/I5/371

表1 两种单晶高温合金名义成分(质量分数, %)

图1 两种合金的热处理制度

图2 持久试样及其纵剖面示意图

图3 两种合金完全热处理后的组织形貌

表2 两种合金在不同条件下的持久性能数据

图4 在982℃/248 MPa条件下持久断裂后两种合金试样不同位置的组织形貌

图5 在1070℃/137 MPa条件下持久断裂后两种合金试样不同位置组织的形貌

表3 1070℃/137 MPa下断裂后应力轴与筏形γ'相夹角统计结果

图6 在982℃/248 MPa和1070℃/137 MPa条件下持久断裂后合金中的位错组态

图7 合金在982℃/248 MPa和1070℃/137 MPa条件下的主要持久变形机制示意图

图8 界面位错网组态及其形貌演化示意图

表4 两种合金在不同条件下的界面位错网间距

图9 a<010>型超位错形成的示意图

表5 两种合金在各条件下不同变形机制的临界切应力计算结果

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