选区激光熔化<strong>316L</strong>不锈钢高应变率压缩下的塑性变形行为

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2022.448

材料研究学报

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (5): 391-400 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2022.448

研究论文

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选区激光熔化316L不锈钢高应变率压缩下的塑性变形行为

刘涛¹^,²^,³(

), 尹志强¹, 雷经发¹^,², 葛永胜¹, 孙虹¹^,²

^1.安徽建筑大学机械与电气工程学院合肥 230601
^2.工程机械智能制造安徽省教育厅重点实验室合肥 230601
^3.灾害环境人员安全安徽省重点实验室合肥 230601

Plastic Deformation Behavior of Selective Laser Melting 316L Stainless Steel under High Strain Rate Compression

LIU Tao¹^,²^,³(

), YIN Zhiqiang¹, LEI Jingfa¹^,², GE Yongsheng¹, SUN Hong¹^,²

^1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
^2.Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Construction Machinery, Hefei 230601, China
^3.Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Human Safety, Hefei 230601, China

引用本文:

刘涛, 尹志强, 雷经发, 葛永胜, 孙虹. 选区激光熔化316L不锈钢高应变率压缩下的塑性变形行为[J]. 材料研究学报, 2023, 37(5): 391-400.
Tao LIU, Zhiqiang YIN, Jingfa LEI, Yongsheng GE, Hong SUN. Plastic Deformation Behavior of Selective Laser Melting 316L Stainless Steel under High Strain Rate Compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 37(5): 391-400.

全文: PDF(19636 KB) HTML

摘要:

对选区激光熔化316L不锈钢(SLM-316L)的高应变率(1000、2000、3000 s^-1)压缩力学性能进行测试，用扫描电镜和背散射衍射(EBSD)等手段表征冲击加载前后试样的微观结构，并分析晶体结构的差异以及位错滑移、孪生行为等微观变形机制。结果表明：SLM-316L不锈钢在高应变率载荷作用下有显著的应变率强化效应，其微观组织由截面呈不规则多边形的柱状胞晶密排结构组成，高应变率加载使晶体取向的择优性降低、小角度晶界和孪晶界数量增加，且孪晶界在小角度晶界的交叉缠绕区分布密集，试样的塑性变形过程伴随着位错滑移及孪生行为。

关键词 ：金属材料, 塑性变形, 高应变率压缩, 316L不锈钢, 选区激光熔化

Abstract：

The selective laser melting 316L stainless steel (SLM-316L) was prepared with preferred process parameters, and then the effect of high strain rate compression on the plastic deformation behavior of SLM 316L stainless steel by high strain rates (1000, 2000 and 3000 s^-1) was assessed by means of split Hopkinson pressure bar, scanning electron microscope and backscattered electron diffractometer in terms of the microstructure and microscopic deformation such as dislocation slip and twinning etc. Results show that SLM-316L stainless steel exhibits a significant strain rate strengthening effect by high strain-rate loading, and its microstructure is composed of closely packed columnar grains with irregular polygonal cross section. High strain rate loading decreases the degree of preferred orientation of grains and increases the number of small-angle grain boundaries and twin boundaries, and the twin boundaries are densely emerge in the cross-twisting region of small-angle grain boundaries. The plastic deformation process of the SLM-316L stainless steel is accompanied by dislocation slip and twinning behavior.

Key words： metallic materials plastic deformation high strain rate compression 316L stainless steel selective laser melting

收稿日期: 2022-08-18

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51805003);安徽高校优秀拔尖人才培育项目(gxyqZD2019057);灾害环境人员安全安徽省重点实验室开放课题(DEPS-2021-02)

作者简介: 刘涛，男，1984年生，博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2022.448 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2023/V37/I5/391

图1 粉末的微观形貌及粒径分布

表1 粉末的元素成分分析结果

图2 SLM成型设备的工作原理

图3 SHPB装置的原理图

图4 动态压缩实验的原始波形

图5 应力平衡曲线

图6 微观结构表征试样

图7 动态压缩应力-应变曲线

图8 高应变率加载前试样的微观形貌

图9 柱状胞晶及其密排结构示意图

图10 高应变率加载后试样的微观形貌

图11 晶体形貌和取向分析

图12 晶粒尺寸的统计

图13 大角度和小角度晶界分布图

图14 孪晶界的分布

图15 试样的KAM图和位错密度统计

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