脉冲电流对冷坩埚定向凝固<strong>TiAl</strong>基合金微观组织和性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2021.496

材料研究学报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (9): 706-714 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2021.496

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

脉冲电流对冷坩埚定向凝固TiAl基合金微观组织和性能的影响

王国田¹(

), 龙泽堃², 吴彪¹, 王强¹, 丁宏升²

^1.黑龙江工程学院汽车与交通工程学院哈尔滨 150050
^2.哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院金属精密热加工国家重点实验室哈尔滨 150001

Effects of Pulse Current on the Microstructure and Properties of Directionally Solidified TiAl Based Alloy in Cold Crucible

WANG Guotian¹(

), LONG Zekun², WU Biao¹, WANG Qiang¹, DING Hongsheng²

^1.School of Automobil and Traffic Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin 150050, China
^2.National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

引用本文:

王国田, 龙泽堃, 吴彪, 王强, 丁宏升. 脉冲电流对冷坩埚定向凝固TiAl基合金微观组织和性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2022, 36(9): 706-714.
Guotian WANG, Zekun LONG, Biao WU, Qiang WANG, Hongsheng DING. Effects of Pulse Current on the Microstructure and Properties of Directionally Solidified TiAl Based Alloy in Cold Crucible[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 36(9): 706-714.

全文: PDF(13187 KB) HTML

摘要:

施加脉冲电流进行Ti-45.5Al-4Cr-2.5Nb(原子分数,%)合金的定向凝固并结合仿真实验,研究了脉冲电流对其凝固组织和性能的影响。结果表明：随着频率为200 Hz的脉冲电流密度的增大电流集肤效应增强、熔体内电流集肤效应加重。在集肤层电流焦耳热效应的作用下糊状区侧向散热的热流密度降低,使枝晶的平均偏离角减小,从而使合金的断后延伸率增大。脉冲电流密度较小时,在焦耳热效应和电磁搅拌的作用下熔体中枝晶的重熔和破碎使柱状晶晶粒的径向尺寸减小。但是,过量的焦耳热使熔区的长度增大、温度梯度减小,反而使晶粒的径向尺寸增大。因此随着电流密度的增大TiAl合金的抗拉强度先提高后降低,施加频率为200 Hz、电流密度为35.3 mA/mm的脉冲电流TiAl合金的抗拉强度最大,比母合金铸锭的抗拉强度提高了70.7%。电流密度为52.9 mA/mm时延伸率达到最大值,比母合金锭的延伸率提高了129.5%。

关键词 ：金属材料, 脉冲电流, TiAl合金, 定向凝固, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

Referring to the simulation results, the effects of pulse current with different parameters on the solidification structure and properties of directionally solidified Ti-45.5Al-4Cr-2.5Nb (%, atom fraction) alloy were investigated. The results show that when the pulse current frequency is 200 Hz, due to the skin effect of current and Joule heat effect of current the surface current of melt is biased and the lateral heat dissipation decreases, the average deviation angle of dendrite decreases, and the elongation increases with the decrease of deviation angle. When the density of pulse current is small, the average width of grains decreases with the increase of current density due to Joule heat effect of current and electromagnetic stirring which promote the remelting or breaking of dendrites. However, when the current density reaches a certain value, the melting zone grows up and the temperature gradient decreases. On the contrary, the average width of grains increases and the tensile strength of TiAl alloy first increases with the increase of current density, and then decreases; Compared with the master alloy ingot, the tensile strength and elongation of TiAl alloy increased by 70.7% and 129.5% respectively.

Key words： metallic materials pluse current TiAl alloy directional solidification microstructure mechanical property

收稿日期: 2021-08-31

ZTFLH:

TG244.3

基金资助:黑龙江工程学院博士基金(2019BJ03);黑龙江工程学院基本科研业务费(创新团队类)项目(2020CX02);黑龙江工程学院基本科研业务费(创新团队类)项目(2018CX07);省领军人才梯队培育计划(2020LJ04);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2019E114)

作者简介: 王国田,男,1978年生,博士

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图1 在连续凝固过程中加载脉冲电流的示意图

图2 在不同脉冲电流作用下TiAl基合金凝固过程中温度场的分布

表1 在不同脉冲电流作用下熔体的径向温度差

图3 在不同脉冲电流作用下TiAl基合金的径向温度分布

图4 在不同脉冲电流作用下Ti-45.5Al-4Cr-2.5Nb合金试样的宏观凝固组织

图5 在不同脉冲电流作用下试样晶粒的平均偏离角

表2 在不同脉冲电流作用下试样晶粒的平均偏离角

图6 在不同脉冲电流作用下定向凝固TiAl合金的OM像

图7 在不同脉冲电流密度下定向凝固TiAl合金的XRD谱

表3 在不同脉冲电流作用下试样晶粒的平均径向尺寸

图8 在不同脉冲电流作用下TiAl基合金是片层取向

图9 在不同脉冲电流作用下TiAl基合金的片层角度小于45°的片层区域占比

图10 在不同脉冲电流作用下定向凝固TiAl合金的SEM照片

表4 在不同脉冲电流作用下TiAl基合金的能谱分析结果

图11 在不同脉冲电流作用下TiAl基合金的室温拉伸曲线

表5 在不同脉冲电流作用下TiAl基合金的拉伸性能

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