循环流速对磁化铜电解过程的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.462

材料研究学报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (5): 392-400 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.462

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

循环流速对磁化铜电解过程的影响

姚夏妍¹(

), 赵芸芸¹, 王军辉², 牛永胜¹, 鲁兴武¹

1.西北矿冶研究院甘肃省有色金属冶炼新工艺及伴生稀散金属高效综合利用重点实验室白银 730900
2.白银有色集团股份有限公司白银 730900

Effect of Cyclical Flow Velocity on Magnetized Copper Electrolysis Process

YAO Xiayan¹(

), ZHAO Yunyun¹, WANG Junhui², NIU Yongsheng¹, LU Xingwu¹

1.Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy，Key Laboratory of New Process for Non-ferrous Metal Smelting and Rare Metal High Utilization Efficiency in Gansu Province, Baiyin 730900, China
2.Baiyin Nonferrous Group Co. Ltd. , Baiyin 730900, China

引用本文:

姚夏妍, 赵芸芸, 王军辉, 牛永胜, 鲁兴武. 循环流速对磁化铜电解过程的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(5): 392-400.
Xiayan YAO, Yunyun ZHAO, Junhui WANG, Yongsheng NIU, Xingwu LU. Effect of Cyclical Flow Velocity on Magnetized Copper Electrolysis Process[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(5): 392-400.

全文: PDF(5816 KB) HTML

摘要:

用磁场的协同作用改善Cu²⁺的扩散性能和强化铜电解的自净化过程，使阴极铜的质量提高。从离子磁性和离子水合作用的角度，进行不同流速下强磁场磁化铜电解液的实验，研究了洛伦兹力和磁场梯度力对Cu²⁺扩散性能、杂质离子浓度和阴极铜表观质量的影响，分析了垂直取向磁场和水平取向磁场强化铜电解的机理。结果表明：磁场能强化对流、减弱氢键缔合程度、降低离子水合作用、提高体系能量、促进Cu²⁺扩散性能和砷锑铋等杂质离子的沉降速度，从而提高电解液的清晰度和增强阴极铜表观质量；但是，磁场增加微气泡和溶解氧量并随着循环流速的提高而增大，使电解液表面张力增大而导致磁场的协同作用失效。在磁化铜电解过程中，存在一个提高阴极铜质量的最佳循环流速。

关键词 ：金属材料, 磁化电解, 强磁场, 铜电解, 阴极铜

Abstract：

In order to improve the quality of cathode copper, the intense magnetic field was used to enhance the diffusion of Cu²⁺ and the self-purification process of copper electrolysis. From the point of view of ionic magnetism and ionic hydration, experiments on magnetized copper electrolysis at different flow velocity were carried out. The effect of Lorentz force and magnetic field gradient force on the diffusion properties, impurity ion concentration and apparent quality of cathode copper was investigated. The mechanism of copper electrolysis strengthened by vertical orientation magnetic field and horizontal orientation magnetic field was respectively analyzed. Results show that magnetic field can strengthen the convection, weaken the hydrogen bonding, reduce the ion hydration and increase the energy of the system. Besides, the diffusion of Cu²⁺ and the deposition rate of impurity ions such as As, Sb and Bi were also increased, which could improve the clarity of electrolyte and the apparent quality of cathode copper. On the other hand, the dissolved oxygen, microbubbles and surface tension of electrolyte increased with the increase of cyclical flow velocity, so leading to the failure of magnetic field synergy. There is an optimum cyclical velocity to improve the quality of cathode copper in the process of magnetized copper electrolysis.

Key words： metallic materials magnetized electrolysis intense magnetic field copper electrolysis cathode copper

收稿日期: 2019-09-30

ZTFLH:

TF111

基金资助:甘肃省工业绿色低碳转型升级研究课题(GGLD-2019-28);白银市2019年科技计划(2019-1-12G)

作者简介: 姚夏妍，男，1988年生，硕士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.462 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2020/V34/I5/392

图1 试验装置示意图

表1 阳极铜主要化学成分分析结果(%，质量分数)

表2 电解液的主要成分

图2 不同取向的磁场循环流速对铜/酸的影响

图3 施加不同取向磁场循环流速对杂质离子浓度的影响

表3 漂浮阳极泥的化学成分

图4 洛伦兹力影响离子水合作用的理论模型

图5 施加垂直取向磁场循环流速对阴极铜表观质量的影响

图6 循环流速影响磁化铜电解过程的机理

图7 磁场梯度力影响离子水合作用的理论模型

图8 施加不同取向磁场循环流速对粘度和表面张力的影响

图9 施加平行取向磁场循环流速对阴极铜表观质量的影响

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