显微带细化组织和两相组织对低<strong>Cr</strong>合金钢高温断裂行为的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.428

材料研究学报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (1): 21-28 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.428

研究论文

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显微带细化组织和两相组织对低Cr合金钢高温断裂行为的影响

程磊(

),余伟,蔡庆伍

北京科技大学工程技术研究院北京 100083

Influence of Microbands Refined Microstructure and Two Phase Microstructure on High Temperature Fracture Behaviors of a Low Cr Alloy Steel

CHENG Lei(

),YU Wei,CAI Qingwu

Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

引用本文:

程磊,余伟,蔡庆伍. 显微带细化组织和两相组织对低Cr合金钢高温断裂行为的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(1): 21-28.
Lei CHENG, Wei YU, Qingwu CAI. Influence of Microbands Refined Microstructure and Two Phase Microstructure on High Temperature Fracture Behaviors of a Low Cr Alloy Steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(1): 21-28.

全文: PDF(6718 KB) HTML

摘要:

针对低Cr合金钢进行轧制工艺设计，分别制备出显微带细化的1#组织和以马氏体/铁素体为特征的2#组织，在550℃、650℃、750℃对其进行高温拉伸实验。拉伸曲线和断后组织的分析结果表明，温度的升高和应变速率的减小能够促进再结晶过程，最终不但导致抗拉强度的降低，同时也减弱了组织内部滑移系统对亚结构界面运动的影响；然而具有2#两相组织的钢板其650℃的抗拉强度却比550℃的高。对组织和析出状态分析后认为，650℃变形时铁素体晶粒中大量形成的M₇C₃析出物显著提高了铁素体基体的强度，进而通过平衡其与回火马氏体之间的性能关系，使拉伸性能得以改善。

关键词 ：金属材料, 析出强化, 高温拉伸, 显微带

Abstract：

Two kinds of microstructure, namely the microbands refined microstructure and the martensite-ferrite two phase microstructure, were obtained for a low Cr alloy steel by using different rolling technologies, then the fracture behavior of the steel under different tensile conditions was investigated. Analysis of the strain-stress curves and the microstructures after deformation show that the increase of rolling temperature and the decrease of strain rate could reduce the tensile strength, meanwhile, the enhancing recrystallization process can release the constraint of interior slip systems on the motion of subboundaries. Abnormal increase of tensile strength at 650℃ for the two phase microstructure can be attributed to the numerous precipitation of M₇C₃ in the ferritic matrix, which balances the mechanical properties between ferrite and annealed martensite, therefore improves the tensile strength at 650℃.

Key words： metallic materials precipitation strengthening high temperature tension microbands

收稿日期: 2019-09-02

ZTFLH:

TG335.11

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51274036);中国博士后科学基金(2019TQ0028)

作者简介: 程磊，男，1991年生，博士

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表1 低Cr合金钢的化学成分

图1 工艺1、工艺2的轧制路径和拉伸试样的尺寸特征

图2 (a)为工艺1轧后得到显微带细化的铁素体组织，(b)为工艺2得到的应变诱导相变细化等轴铁素体和马氏体两相组织，(c)和(d)为由EBSD所得的对应原始组织

图3 (a)和(b)分别为1#显微带细化组织和2#两相组织在550℃、650℃、750℃和650℃低应变速率(10-4 s-1)条件下的拉伸曲线；(c)和(d)为对应变形条件的加工硬化率

图4 显微带细化组织(a, b, d)和两相组织(c, d)在不同温度下的拉伸断口(应变速率均为10-3)，组织类型和拉伸温度分别在图右上角标出；(e)为标准bcc结构的织构分布示意图以及两种组织的原始织构特征

图5 距拉伸断口1 mm处的组织特征，左侧(a, c, e, g)和右侧(b, d, f, h)初始分别为1#组织和2#组织，相应拉伸条件在图右上角标出

图6 2#组织550℃拉伸后的组织(a)、对应区域的电解抛光表面(b)、在550℃拉伸后铁素体内的析出状态(c)、在650℃拉伸后铁素体内的析出状态(d)以及在650℃低应变速率10-4拉伸后熟化析出物的EDS表征(e)

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