KOH活化硅藻土模板炭及其电化学性能研究

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2016.366

材料研究学报

2017, Vol. 31

Issue (5): 321-328 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.366

论文

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KOH活化硅藻土模板炭及其电化学性能研究

李爱军, 传秀云(

), 黄杜斌, 曹曦

北京大学地球与空间科学学院造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室北京 100871

KOH Activation of Diatomite-templated Carbon and Its Electrochemical Property in Supercapacitor

Aijun LI, Xiuyun CHUAN(

), Dubin HUANG, Xi CAO

Key Laboratory of Orogenis Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

引用本文:

李爱军, 传秀云, 黄杜斌, 曹曦. KOH活化硅藻土模板炭及其电化学性能研究[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(5): 321-328.
Aijun LI, Xiuyun CHUAN, Dubin HUANG, Xi CAO. KOH Activation of Diatomite-templated Carbon and Its Electrochemical Property in Supercapacitor[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(5): 321-328.

全文: PDF(5034 KB) HTML

摘要:

以硅藻土为模板,糠醇为碳源,合成了模板炭材料,并用KOH活化制备多孔炭材料。利用XRD、拉曼光谱、SEM及N₂吸附对其结构进行表征,并对比研究了活化前后炭材料的电化学性能。结果表明：活化后模板炭的无序度增加,电化学性能有显著的提高。在1 Ag^-1的电流密度下,活化后的多孔炭比容量为45.0~69.2 Fg^-1;在20 Ag^-1充放电时,比电容保持率仍可达45%以上。说明活化后的多孔炭材料具有良好的电化学性能,是较好的双层电容器电极材料。

关键词 ：无机非金属材料, 多孔炭, 模板法, KOH活化, 电化学性能

Abstract：

Diatomite-templated carbon was prepared with diatomite as template and furfuryl alcohol (FA) as carbon resource, which was further activated with potassium hydroxide as activating agent. The prepared carbon materials were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N₂ adsorption. Simultaneously, the electrochemical properties of the porous carbon before and after activation were studied. The results show that the porous carbon after activation has higher degree of disorder in chemical structure and better electrochemical properties rather than the one before activation. The specific capacitance of the porous carbon was in the range from 45.0 to 69.2 Fg^-1 by the current density of 1 Ag^-1 and the capacitance retention remains more than 45% by the current density of 20 Ag^-1. These results show that the porous carbon after activation has good electrochemical performance and it's an ideal material for electric double layer capacitor.

Key words： inorganic nonmetallic materials porous carbon template method KOH activation electrochemical performance

收稿日期: 2016-06-30

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51274015)和中国博士后科学基金(2015M580915)

作者简介:

作者简介李爱军,男,1992年生,博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.366 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2017/V31/I5/321

表1 提纯前后硅藻土的化学成分

图1 硅藻土、模板炭和活化后的多孔炭的X射线衍射图

表2 利用X射线衍射得到的结构参数

图2 KOH活化前后炭材料的拉曼光谱图

表3 炭材料的拉曼光谱拟合参数

图3 硅藻土及活化前后炭材料的SEM照片

图4 活化前后模板炭的N2等温吸附曲线(a)和中孔孔径分布曲线(b)

表4 样品的比表面积和孔径结构信息及其比电容

图5 活化前后模板炭的循环伏安曲线

图6 电流密度为1和10 Ag-1炭材料的恒流充放电曲线和不同的电流密度下的比电容和电容保持率

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