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材料研究学报  2017, Vol. 31 Issue (2): 110-116    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.182
  本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
纳米改性WBP-CFA地聚合物的耐久性和孔结构
郭晓潞1,2(),施惠生1,2
1 先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室 同济大学 上海 201804
2 同济大学材料科学与工程学院 上海 201804
Durability and Pore Structure of Nano-particle-modified Geopolymers of Waste Brick Powder-class C Fly Ash
Xiaolu GUO1,2(),Huisheng SHI1,2
1 Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
引用本文:

郭晓潞,施惠生. 纳米改性WBP-CFA地聚合物的耐久性和孔结构[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(2): 110-116.
Xiaolu GUO, Huisheng SHI. Durability and Pore Structure of Nano-particle-modified Geopolymers of Waste Brick Powder-class C Fly Ash[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(2): 110-116.

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摘要: 

使用废弃粘土砖粉(WBP)和高钙粉煤灰(CFA)制备复合地聚合物,用纳米颗粒对其进行改性,研究了纳米改性WBP-CFA地聚合物的抗冻性和抗渗性及其与孔结构之间的内在关联。结果表明,单掺纳米SiO2的改性效果优于纳米Al2O3,复掺2%(质量分数,下同) 纳米SiO2和1% 纳米Al2O3的地聚合物试样的抗渗性和抗冻性优良。冻融使地聚合物的体积密度降低,显气孔率和真气孔率提高;平均孔径和最可几孔径均增大,孔隙率提高;小于50 nm的无害孔和少害孔减少,大于50 nm的有害孔和多害孔均增加。
关键词 ： 无机非金属材料,  废弃砖粉,  粉煤灰,  地聚合物,  纳米改性,  抗渗性,  抗冻性,  孔结构    
Abstract：

Nano particle modified composite geopolymers were prepared with waste brick powder (WBP) and class C fly ash (CFA) as raw material, and nano-particales SiO2 and Al2O3 as modifier. Then their anti-permeability and anti-freezing-thawing as well as their pore structure were investigated. Results show that nano-SiO2 is superior to nano-Al2O3 for enhancing the performance of geopolymers, and the combination of 2%(mass fraction) nano-SiO2 and 1% nano-Al2O3 exhibits the best modification effect, so that the geopolymer possesses the highest anti-permeability and anti-freezing-thawing. It is found for the geopolymers after being freezing-thawing tested that the apparent porosity, true porosity, average pore size, the size of the most probable pores and the total porosity all enhanced, however the volume density decreased. Besides, the harmless and less-harmful holes with size smaller than 50 nm decreased, and in the contrast,the harmful and more-harmful holes increased.
Key words： inorganic non-metallic materials    waste brick powder    fly ash    geopolymer    nano-modification    resistance to permeability    resistance to freezing-thawing    pore structure
收稿日期: 2016-04-07     
基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51478328), 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(0500219225)
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郭晓潞
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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.182      或      https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2017/V31/I2/110

图1  原材料的XRD图谱
Content Na2O MgO Al2O3 SiO2 K2O CaO Fe2O3 Others
Class C fly ash (CFA) 1.28 1.85 22.00 50.30 3.42 11.30 7.10 2.74
Waste brick powder (WBP) 1.34 3.36 10.3 42.8 2.11 26.3 6.91 6.88
表1  实验用原材料的化学组成
Type Particle size
/nm		 Specific surface area
/m2g-1		 Density
/gcm-3		 Hydrophily
/ Hydrophobicity		 Color
SiO2 30±5 400 0.4 Hydrophily White
Al2O3(α) 30±5 100 1.7 Hydrophily White
表2  纳米SiO2与纳米Al2O3的基本物理性质
Samples CFA
/g		 WBP
/g		 Sand
/g		 Composite activator
/g		 Water
/g		 Nano-particle
Nano-SiO2
/g		 Nano-Al2O3
/g
SCFA 600.00 - 1620.00 323.45 71.09 - -
SWBP 420.00 180.00 1620.00 323.45 71.09 - -
SW 0-3 420.00 180.00 1620.00 323.45 71.09 - 18.00
SW 1-2 420.00 180.00 1620.00 323.45 71.09 6.00 12.00
SW 2-1 420.00 180.00 1620.00 323.45 71.09 12.00 6.00
SW 3-0 420.00 180.00 1620.00 323.45 71.09 18.00 -
表3  纳米改性废弃砖粉复合地聚合物砂浆的配合比
Samples Fluidity / mm Strength / MPa
3 d 28 d
Flexural Compressive Flexural Compressive
SCFA 198 3.1 13.8 5.0 40.5
SWBP 195 3.2 15.9 5.3 42.5
SW 0-3 166 3.6 18.7 6.4 48.8
SW 1-2 185 3.8 18.2 6.7 50.9
SW 2-1 193 4.2 20.5 7.5 53.7
SW 3-0 157 3.8 20.1 7.1 51.5
表4  地聚合物的流动度和强度
Samples 7d impermeability pressure /MPa 28d penetration height/mm 28d water absorption ratio /%
SCFA 1.5 13.1 7.5
SWBP 1.7 11.8 6.1
SW 0-3 1.9 10.3 5.8
SW 1-2 2.0 10.5 5.4
SW 2-1 2.1 9.8 5.1
SW 3-0 2.0 10.7 5.5
表5  地聚合物的抗渗性能与吸水率
图2  地聚合物经冻融循环后的质量损失率
图3  地聚合物经冻融循环后的强度损失率
Samples Bulk density /gcm-3 Apparent porosity /% Ture porosity /%
Before freezing- thawing After freezing-thawing Before freezing- thawing After freezing-thawing Before freezing- thawing After freezing-thawing
SCFA 1.63 1.51 27.66 36.09 41.45 47.16
SWBP 1.69 1.57 25.49 32.89 38.64 43.94
SW 0-3 1.71 1.60 22.85 30.19 37.06 41.80
SW 1-2 1.73 1.62 22.53 29.32 35.30 40.47
SW 2-1 1.78 1.71 20.39 26.27 33.21 37.16
SW 3-0 1.75 1.66 21.51 28.79 34.12 39.74
表6  不同试样的体积密度、显气孔率和真气孔率
Samples Porosity/% Mean pore size /nm The most probable aperture/nm Distribution of pore size /%
<20 nm 20~50 nm 50~200 nm >200 nm
SWBP 25.2 101.1 90.9 10.4 25.7 38.6 25.3
DWBP 31.3 135.4 107.1 3.9 16.5 39.5 40.1
表7  冻融前后试样的孔结构参数
图4  冻融循环对地聚合物孔径分布曲线的影响
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