淬火冷却速率对60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢高周疲劳性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2016.118

材料研究学报

2017, Vol. 31

Issue (1): 65-73 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.118

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

淬火冷却速率对60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢高周疲劳性能的影响

雷磊^1,^2,⁴,梁益龙^1,^2,⁴(

),姜云^1,^2,³,徐军^1,^2,⁴,杨明^1,^2,⁴

1 贵州大学材料与冶金学院贵阳 550025
2 贵州省材料结构与强度重点实验室贵阳 550025
3 贵州大学机械工程学院贵阳 550025
4 高性能金属结构材料与制造技术国家地方联合工程实验室贵阳 550025

Effect of Quench Rate on the High Cycle Fatigue Property of 60Si2CrVAT Spring Steels

Lei LEI^1,^2,⁴,Yilong LIANG^1,^2,⁴(

),Yun JIANG^1,^2,³,Jun XU^1,^2,⁴,Ming YANG^1,^2,⁴

1 College of Materials and Metallurgy,University of Guizhou,Guiyang 550025,China
2 Key Laboratory for Material Structure and Strength of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550025,China
3 College of Mechanical Engineering,University of Guizhou,Guiyang 550025,China
4 National Local Co-construction Engineering Laboratory for High Performance Metal Structure Material and Manufacture Technology,Guiyang 550025,China

引用本文:

雷磊,梁益龙,姜云,徐军,杨明. 淬火冷却速率对60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢高周疲劳性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(1): 65-73.
Lei LEI, Yilong LIANG, Yun JIANG, Jun XU, Ming YANG. Effect of Quench Rate on the High Cycle Fatigue Property of 60Si2CrVAT Spring Steels[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(1): 65-73.

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摘要:

采用13%PAG(聚烷撑乙二醇)和油对60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢进行淬火热处理,研究了不同淬火冷却速率对其轴向高周疲劳(r=-1)性能的影响。利用SEM、TEM和EBSD等方法对疲劳断口形貌、源区成分、显微组织进行表征。结果表明,13%PAG淬火后的疲劳极限(781.5 MPa)比油淬高67.5 MPa(714.0 MPa)。疲劳断口分析表明,疲劳破坏大部分起源于试样内部夹杂物和碳化物,形成“鱼眼”型撕裂的粒状亮区(GBF)。随裂纹源夹杂物处应力强度因子幅?Kinc的减小,疲劳寿命N_f增加,而GBF区边界的应力场强度因子幅?KGBF并不随N_f变化而改变,且13%PAG淬火试样的?KGBF大于油淬试样。实验钢13%PAG淬火试样组织中分布更多的纳米孪晶; 马氏体板条块和板条更加细化,碳化物呈均匀细小弥散分布; 而油淬碳化物较粗大,沿马氏体板条界和原奥氏体晶界分布。这些因素是PAG淬火后疲劳性能优于油淬的主要原因。

关键词 ：金属材料, 60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢, 冷却速率, 高周疲劳, 夹杂物, 微观组织

Abstract：

The effect of quench with two quenching media of 13% polyaleneglycol (PAG) and oil respectively on the high cycle fatigue behavior of spring steel 60Si2CrVAT was studied by applying alternatively uniaxial tension and compression. While the fatigue fractograph,source composition,microstructural evolution of the steel were examined by means of SEM,TEM and EBSD. The results indicate that the fatigue limit for the steel quenched with 13%PAG is 781.5 MPa; however that with oil is 714.0 MPa. Analysis results of fractograph show that fatigue damages mostly originate from the internal inclusions and carbides,while granular bright facets (GBF) are observed in the vicinity around the inclusions. Further investigation indicates that the stress intensity factor range at crack initiation site of inclusion ?Kinc trends to decrease gradually with increasing the fatigue life N_f,while the stress factor range at GBF boundary ?KGBF keeps almost constant with varying N_f and the ?KGBF for the steel quenched with oil is smaller than that with 13% PAG. From microstructural observation results,it suggests that the beneficial effect on the fatigue property of the steel quenched with 13%PAG is caused by that there existed much more nano-twins,much finer individual lath and block,as well as finer carbides uniformly distributed in martensitic matrix for the steel quenched with 13% PAG rather than those with oil.

Key words： metallic materials 60Si2CrVAT spring steels quench rate high cycle fatigue inclusion microstructure

收稿日期: 2016-03-07

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51461006)、贵阳市科技支撑计划项目筑科合同(2013101)、贵州省科技重大专项(20146012)和贵州省重大专项黔科合(JZ[2014]2003)

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.118 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2017/V31/I1/65

表1 实验用钢化学成分(质量分数, %)

图1 疲劳试样形状与尺寸

图2 不同淬火介质的冷却性能曲线

图3 两种介质淬火回火后拉伸应力应变曲线

图4 60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢的疲劳极限图和S-N曲线图

表2 两种淬火介质试验后的力学性能

图5 13%PAG试样疲劳断口SEM图

图6 油淬试样疲劳断口SEM图

图7 实验钢疲劳断口疲劳源夹杂物处的应力强度因子幅△Kinc和GBF处的应力强度因子幅?KGBF与疲劳寿命Nf之间的关系

图8 实验钢EBSD图

图9 实验钢的TEM像

图10 实验钢中的碳化物TEM图

图11 疲劳条带

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