微波辅助制备乙酰化玉米淀粉的理化性能<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2013.731

材料研究学报

2014, Vol. 28

Issue (4): 286-292 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2013.731

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

微波辅助制备乙酰化玉米淀粉的理化性能^*

张昊^1,²,王建坤^1,^2,^**(

),王瑞^1,²,董永春¹

1. 天津工业大学纺织学院天津 300387
2. 天津工业大学先进纺织复合材料教育部重点实验室天津 300387

Synthesis and Physicochemical Characteristics of Acetylated Corn Starch under Microwave Assistance

Hao ZHANG^1,²,Jiankun WANG^1,^2,^**(

),Rui WANG^1,²,Yongchun DONG¹

1. School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387
2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387

引用本文:

张昊,王建坤,王瑞,董永春. 微波辅助制备乙酰化玉米淀粉的理化性能^*[J]. 材料研究学报, 2014, 28(4): 286-292.
Hao ZHANG, Jiankun WANG, Rui WANG, Yongchun DONG. Synthesis and Physicochemical Characteristics of Acetylated Corn Starch under Microwave Assistance[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2014, 28(4): 286-292.

全文: PDF(1542 KB) HTML

摘要:

以玉米淀粉(NCS)为原料, 乙酸乙烯酯(VAc)为酰化剂, K₂CO₃为催化剂, 用微波辅助法制备乙酰化玉米淀粉(ACS), 用红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X-射线衍射(XRD)等手段对其表征, 研究了ACS的理化特性, 粘附性能和生物降解性。结果表明, ACS的理化性能比NCS有较大的改善: 其水合能力增强, 溶胀性与糊透明度提高; 特性黏度和表观粘度下降, 流变性能有所改善; 凝沉作用减弱, 抗老化性增强。ACS对涤棉纤维的粘附性提高, 克服了原淀粉对疏水性合成纤维粘附力不足的缺陷。ACS的BOD₅/COD_cr比值远高于PVA-205。

关键词 ：有机高分子材料, 乙酰化玉米淀粉, 微波辐射, 理化特性, 生物降解

Abstract：

Native corn starch (NCS) was acetylated by a microwave-assisted method using vinyl acetate (VAc) as an acetylating agent and potassium carbonate K₂CO₃as a catalyst. Acetylated corn starch (ACS) was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The physicochemical properties, adhesive properties and biodegradability of ACS were systematically investigated. The results show that the physicochemical properties of ACS were improved compared with NCS: the hydration capacity raised, solubility, swelling power and paste clarity increased; the intrinsic viscosity, apparent viscosity decreased, rheological property were improved; the syneresis decreased, anti-retrogradation were enhanced. The adhesion to polyester/cotton fibers of ACS was enhanced, which compensated for the insufficient adhesion to hydrophobic fibers of native starch. BOD₅/COD_cr value of ACS was outclasses that of PVA-205.

Key words： organic polymer materials acetylated corn starch microwave irradiation physicochemical properties biodegradation

收稿日期: 2013-10-03

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金 20773093和天津市高等学校科技发展基金ZD200720资助项目。

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2013.731 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2014/V28/I4/286

图1 原玉米淀粉与乙酰化玉米淀粉的红外谱图

图2 原玉米淀粉与乙酰化玉米淀粉的SEM像

图3 原玉米淀粉与乙酰化玉米淀粉的XRD图谱

表 1 原玉米淀粉和乙酰化玉米淀粉的特性粘度和表观粘度

表 2 原玉米淀粉和乙酰化玉米淀粉的溶解度、膨胀力和糊透明度

图4 原玉米淀粉与乙酰化玉米淀粉的凝沉曲线

表 3 原玉米淀粉、乙酰化淀粉和PVA-205 对涤棉混纺粗纱的粘附力

表4 原玉米淀粉、乙酰化淀粉和PVA-205 的可生化性能指标

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