<strong>Fe-Cr-Ni</strong>系不锈钢在热老化和退火过程中铁素体调幅分解的相场法研究

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.456

材料研究学报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (5): 328-336 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.456

研究论文

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Fe-Cr-Ni系不锈钢在热老化和退火过程中铁素体调幅分解的相场法研究

史佳庆¹, 薛飞², 彭群家², 沈耀¹(

)

1.上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院上海 200240
2.苏州热工研究院有限公司苏州 215004

A Phase-Field Study on Spinodal Decomposition of Ferrite of Fe-Cr-Ni Stainless Steels during Thermal Ageing and Annealing

SHI Jiaqing¹, XUE Fei², PENG Qunjia², SHEN Yao¹(

)

1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2.Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China

引用本文:

史佳庆, 薛飞, 彭群家, 沈耀. Fe-Cr-Ni系不锈钢在热老化和退火过程中铁素体调幅分解的相场法研究[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(5): 328-336.
Jiaqing SHI, Fei XUE, Qunjia PENG, Yao SHEN. A Phase-Field Study on Spinodal Decomposition of Ferrite of Fe-Cr-Ni Stainless Steels during Thermal Ageing and Annealing[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(5): 328-336.

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摘要:

用基于Cahn-Hilliard方程的相场法研究了Fe-Cr-Ni系不锈钢中的铁素体在热老化和后续退火过程中调幅分解的演化过程，结果表明：在热老化过程中调幅分解生成相连的网络状α'相，调幅分解引起的Cr成分波动的波长和振幅都随着热老化时间的延长而增大；在随后的退火过程中α'相逐渐溶解而Cr成分波动的振幅迅速减小，但是波长继续增大。还讨论了热老化时的调幅分解对铁素体纳米压痕硬度的影响以及退火温度对调幅分解回复(α'相溶解)所需时间的影响，结果表明：铁素体的纳米压痕硬度主要与调幅分解的振幅有关，且随着振幅的增大而提高。同时，提高退火温度能显著缩短调幅分解回复所需的时间，退火回复时间与退火温度之间有Arrhenius形式的关系。

关键词 ：金属材料, 调幅分解, 相场模型, 热老化, 退火

Abstract：

In order to investigate the evolution of spinodal decomposition during ageing and annealing, a phase-field model based on Cahn-Hilliard equation has been developed to simulate the microstructure evolution in ferrite of Fe-Cr-Ni stainless steels. The simulation results reveal the formation of inter-connected α' phase during thermal ageing, and the increase of wavelength and amplitude of Cr concentration fluctuation with ageing time. During the subsequent annealing treatment, it is found that α' phase dissolves into the matrix, and the wavelength continues to increase, while the amplitude starts to decrease. The simulation results also indicate that the nano-indentation hardness is positively associated with the amplitude of concentration fluctuation. And the annealing time needed for recovery of spinodal decomposition (dissolving of α' phase) is reduced by increasing annealing temperature remarkably. There is an Arrhenius-type relation between the recovery time and the annealing temperature.

Key words： metallic materials spinodal decomposition phase-field method thermal ageing annealing

收稿日期: 2019-09-24

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0702201)

作者简介: 史佳庆，男，1994年生，博士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.456 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2020/V34/I5/328

Descriptions	Parameters	Values
Temperature/K	T	683(ageing), 823(annealing)^[19]
Average Cr concentration in ferrite/%, atomic fraction	$c 0$	29.43^[19]
Average Ni concentration in ferrite /%, atomic fraction	$c N i$	3.00^[19]
Gas constant/J·mol^-1·K^-1	R	8.314
Molar volume /m³·mol^-1	$V m$	7.125×10^-6
Fractional linear expansion per unit Cr composition	$η$	0.00614^[44]
Young's modulus/GPa	E	200
Poisson's ratio	$μ$	0.28
Interatomic distance/nm	$r 0$	0.2482^[45]
Adjustable parameter related to diffusion	$d$	10.7
Diffusion coefficient of Fe/m²·s^-1	$D F e$	$1.0 × 10 - 4 e x p (- 294 ? k J ? m o l - 1 R T)$ ^[40]
Diffusion coefficient of Cr/m²·s^-1	$D C r$	$0.2 × 10 - 4 e x p (- 308 ? k J ? m o l - 1 R T)$ ^[40]

表1 相场模型使用的参数值

图1 模拟的热老化和退火不同时间的Cr浓度分布，图中的等值面为35% Cr(原子分数)

图2 文献[19]中APT实验测得的Cr元素分布

图3 模拟的Cr一维成分分布、频率分布与实验结果[19]的对比

图4 模拟的调幅分解波长随着热老化时间和退火时间的变化，图中星形为308L不锈钢的实验结果[19]

图5 模拟的调幅分解的振幅随热老化时间和退火时间的变化，图中的星形为308L不锈钢的实验结果[19]

图6 模拟的调幅分解波长和振幅随热老化时间的变化，图中星形为CF3M双相钢的实验结果[7]。注意此处c0=27.38%(原子分数)，cNi=5.42%(原子分数)，T=623 K

图7 使用式(9)计算出的铁素体屈服强度增量和文献[48]中铁素体纳米压痕硬度增量与热老化时间的关系

图8 模拟的不同退火温度下回复到初始状态所需要的退火时间随热老化时间的变化，以及热老化不同时间后退火回复时间的自然对数同退火绝对温度的倒数的关系

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