多尺度功能性填料<strong>PVDF</strong>基纳米复合材料的制备和性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2020.187

材料研究学报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (11): 835-844 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2020.187

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

多尺度功能性填料PVDF基纳米复合材料的制备和性能

陈林, 黄娇, 严磊, 郭怡, 林宏, 蔺海兰, 卞军(

)

西华大学材料科学与工程学院成都 610039

Preparation and Properties of PVDF Based Dielectric Nanocomposites Containing Multi-scale Functional Fillers

CHEN Lin, HUANG Jiao, YAN Lei, GUO Yi, LIN Hong, LIN Hailan, BIAN Jun(

)

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China

引用本文:

陈林, 黄娇, 严磊, 郭怡, 林宏, 蔺海兰, 卞军. 多尺度功能性填料PVDF基纳米复合材料的制备和性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(11): 835-844.
Lin CHEN, Jiao HUANG, Lei YAN, Yi GUO, Hong LIN, Hailan LIN, Jun BIAN. Preparation and Properties of PVDF Based Dielectric Nanocomposites Containing Multi-scale Functional Fillers[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(11): 835-844.

全文: PDF(8326 KB) HTML

摘要:

先以两种直径(50 nm，100 nm)的羟基化钛酸钡(BT)和两种长度(10~20 nm，20~40 nm)的酸化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为功能填料，进行液相反应制备四种BT/MWCNTs杂化纳米填料(分别记为BT-A/MWCNTs-B，其中A=5，10；B=1，2)，再用熔融共混-压板成型技术分别将其与PVDF复合制备出BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料。使用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉伸性能测试和介电性能测试系统研究了多尺度功能性填料BT-A/MWCNTs-B对这种纳米复合材料的组织结构和结晶性能、介电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，与BT/PVDF和MWCNTs/PVDF体系相比，BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料具有更高的结晶度和热性能，BT-10的含量(质量分数，下同)为16%、MWCNTs-2的含量为5%的BT-10/MWCNTs-2/PVDF纳米复合材料其熔融温度可达173.8℃，比纯PVDF(159.6℃)提高了14.2℃，其结晶度可达43.1%。三相BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料比两相纳米复合材料具有更优异的介电性能，BT-10/MWCNTs-2/PVDF纳米复合材料100Hz下的介电常数为119，为纯PVDF的14倍，其介电损耗只有0.051。BT-10/MWCNTs-2/PVDF纳米复合材料的拉伸强度和弹性模量分别达到57.7 MPa和1226 MPa。

关键词 ：复合材料, 聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF), 杂化纳米填料, 热性能, 力学性能, 介电性能

Abstract：

Four hybrid BT/MWCNTs nanomaterials (BT-A/MWCNTs-B, where A= 5,10) were prepared by two kinds of acidified multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with lengths of 10-20nm and 20-40nm respectively and two kinds of hydroxylated barium titanate (BT) with diameters of 50nm and 100nm respectively. The effect of multi-scale dielectric fillers BT-A/MWCNTs-B on the mechanical properties, heat resistance and dielectric properties of nanocomposites was investigated by means of X-ray diffractometer (XRD), infrared spectra (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), tensile properties and dielectric properties testing. Results show that compared with BT/PVDF and MWCNTs/PVDF nanocomposites, BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF nanocomposites have higher crystallinity and thermal properties. When the content (mass fraction) of BT-10 and MWCNTs-2 was 16% and 5% respectively, the melting temperature of BT-10/MWCNTs-2/PVDF nanocomposites could reach 173.8℃, which was 14.2℃ higher than that of pure PVDF (159.6℃), and the crystallinity could reach 43.1%. The three-phase BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF nanocomposites had better dielectric performance than that of the two-phase nanocomposites. At 100Hz, the dielectric constant of BT-10/MWCNTs-2/PVDF nanocomposites could reach 119, 14 times of that of pure PVDF, and the dielectric loss was only 0.051. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of BT-10/MWCNTs-2/PVDF nanocomposites were up to 57.7 MPa and 1226 MPa, respectively.

Key words： composite Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) Hybrid nanometer packing Thermal performance Mechanical properties Dielectric properties

收稿日期: 2020-05-26

ZTFLH:

TQ332

基金资助:国家教育部春晖计划(Z2018088);西华大学大健康管理促进中心开放课题基金(DJKG2019-002);2020年西华大学“西华杯”大学生创新创业训练项目(2020133);西华大学Interface创新研究工作室重点建设项目(2019-07);西华大学研究生创新基金(SA2000002910)

作者简介: 陈林，男，1992年生，硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2020.187 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2020/V34/I11/835

图1 α-PVDF和β-PVDF晶型的结构

图2 填料MWCNTs、MWCNTs-COOH、BT、BT-OH和BT/MWCNTs的红外光谱

图3 BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF介电纳米复合材料的界面化学作用

图4 介电填料BT-A/MWCNTs-B和纳米复合材料BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF的XRD谱

图5 介电填料BT-A/MWCNTs-B和BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料的SEM照片

图6 PVDF基介电纳米复合材料的力学性能

表1 PVDF基复合材料的力学性能数据

表2 PVDF基复合材料的介电性能

图7 频率100 Hz下16%BT-10/PVDF，5%MWCNTs-1/PVDF和BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗以及频率100 Hz下16%BT-10/PVDF，5%MWCNTs-1/PVDF和BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料的介电常数与频率的关系

图8 BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料的理论模型

图9 BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料的结晶曲线和熔融曲线

表3 BT-A/MWCNTs-B/PVDF纳米复合材料的DSC测试结果

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