超级双相不锈钢<strong>2507</strong>多尺度异质结构的构筑与力学性能研究

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2026.240

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (10): 733-745 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2026.240

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

超级双相不锈钢2507多尺度异质结构的构筑与力学性能研究

梁泓¹^,², 原野¹, 黄焕¹, 刘雨³, 左太森⁴^,⁵, 董朝晖⁶, 赵子龙⁶, 许鑫¹^,²(

)

^1.中山大学材料学院深圳 518107
^2.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海 519000
^3.钢铁研究总院有限公司北京 100081
^4.散裂中子源科学中心东莞 523803
^5.中国科学院高能物理研究所北京 100049
^6.中国科学院上海高等研究院上海同步辐射光源上海 200120

Architecting Multiscale Heterostructures and Mechanical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel 2507

LIANG Hong¹^,², YUAN Ye¹, HUANG Huan¹, LIU Yu³, ZUO Taisen⁴^,⁵, DONG Zhaohui⁶, ZHAO Zilong⁶, XU Xin¹^,²(

)

^1.School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
^2.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
^3.Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
^4.Spallation Neutron Source Science Center (SNSSC), Dongguan 523803, China
^5.Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^6.Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200120, China

引用本文:

梁泓, 原野, 黄焕, 刘雨, 左太森, 董朝晖, 赵子龙, 许鑫. 超级双相不锈钢2507多尺度异质结构的构筑与力学性能研究[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(10): 733-745.
Hong LIANG, Ye YUAN, Huan HUANG, Yu LIU, Taisen ZUO, Zhaohui DONG, Zilong ZHAO, Xin XU. Architecting Multiscale Heterostructures and Mechanical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel 2507[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(10): 733-745.

全文: PDF(16707 KB) HTML

摘要:

针对双相不锈钢的“强度-塑性”倒置瓶颈，本文提出一种构筑多尺度多重异质结构的新策略，通过“两步固溶-冷轧-再结晶退火-时效”这一简易工艺路径，在超级双相不锈钢2507中成功构建了微米尺度相间异质性、晶粒尺寸异质性与纳米尺度化学成分异质性的协同结构。研究了再结晶退火温度与时间对两相晶粒尺寸及相体积分数的影响规律；借助小角中子散射技术，定量表征了时效样品的调幅分解纳米组织；阐明了多尺度异质结构的形成机制及其对力学性能的影响机理，进而确定了最优工艺路径。基于同步辐射X射线衍射的原位拉伸实验表明，所构筑的异质结构可激发强烈的异质变形强化效应，促使奥氏体与铁素体在变形过程中产生动态应力-应变再分配。该机制一方面大幅提升了奥氏体的加工硬化能力，另一方面有效缓解了铁素体内部的应力集中，从而抑制了微裂纹的萌生与扩展。同时，铁素体内的调幅分解纳米组织提供了额外的强化效果。最终，多尺度多重异质结构使双相不锈钢实现了优异的强塑性匹配：屈服强度达1056 MPa，抗拉强度达1399 MPa，延伸率保持在25%，有效突破其强度-塑性倒置关系。上述结果不仅为高性能双相不锈钢的开发提供了全新的组织调控思路，也为其他先进金属结构材料的强韧化设计奠定了重要的理论参考与实验基础。

关键词 ：金属材料, 异质结构, 同步辐射X射线衍射, 双相不锈钢, 力学性能, 小角中子散射

Abstract：

A novel strategy for constructing a multiscale, multiple-heterogeneity heterostructure is proposed in this study to overcome the conventional strength-ductility trade-off in duplex stainless steels (DSSs). The multiscale heterogeneous microstructure, which integrates microscale phase heterogeneity, grain-size heterogeneity, and nanoscale chemical heterogeneity, was successfully constructed in super duplex stainless steel 2507 via a simple processing route involving two-step solution treatment, cold rolling, recrystallization annealing, and aging. The effects of recrystallization annealing temperature and time on grain size and phase fraction evolution were systematically investigated, and spinodal decomposition (SD) nanostructures were quantitatively characterized using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The formation mechanisms of the multiscale heterostructure and their effects on mechanical behavior were elucidated, thereby obtaining the optimal processing route. The results of in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction tensile tests reveal that the heterogeneous microstructure induces a pronounced hetero-deformation strengthening effect and promotes dynamic stress-strain partitioning between austenite and ferrite during plastic deformation. This mechanism significantly enhances the work-hardening capability of austenite while alleviating stress concentration in ferrite, thereby suppressing the initiation and propagation of microcracks. Furthermore, the SD nanostructures formed in ferrite provide additional strengthening contributions. Consequently, the heterostructured DSS exhibited an exceptional combination of strength and ductility, with a yield strength of 1056 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 1399 MPa, and an elongation of 25%. These results demonstrate that the multiscale heterostructures effectively break the conventional strength-ductility trade-off in DSSs. These findings not only present a novel microstructural design strategy for developing high-performance DSSs, but also offer important theoretical references and an experimental basis for the design of advanced structural metallic materials with enhanced strength-ductility synergy.

Key words： metallic materials heterostructure synchrotron X-ray diffraction duplex stainless steel mechanical property small-angle neutron scattering

收稿日期: 2026-06-17

ZTFLH:

TG135

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52101168);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)资助项目(311021013)

通讯作者: 许鑫，副教授，xuxin58@mail.sysu.edu.cn，研究方向为金属材料强韧化

Corresponding author: XU Xin, Tel: 13575233430, E-mail: xuxin58@mail.sysu.edu.cn

作者简介: 梁泓，男，2000年生，硕士生；
原野，男，1999年生，博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2026.240 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I10/733

表1 SDSS 2507的化学成分

图1 初始态SDSS 2507的微观组织

图2 Thermo-Calc绘制SDSS 2507的平衡相体积分数-温度的关系曲线[28]和试样的加工工艺路线

表2 各试样加工工艺参数及编号对照表

图3 原位拉伸同步辐射X射线衍射示意图

图4 经第一步和第二步固溶处理后试样的EBSD微观组织表征结果

图5 再结晶退火后样品的EBSD结果

图6 奥氏体和铁素体平均晶粒尺寸与再结晶退火时间关系图和GOS数据图

图7 试样在450 ℃下时效100 h的一维SANS曲线

表3 不同样品的调幅分解特征参数定量结果

图8 不同加工处理状态样品的工程应力-应变曲线

表4 各样品拉伸性能总结

图9 时效样品断口形貌图

图10 H1-100样品初始态、断裂态和不同应变量下的SXRD数据

图11 H1-100样品中奥氏体与铁素体沿拉伸轴的晶格应变随工程应变和工程应力变化的关系曲线

图12 H1-100样品拉伸过程中奥氏体和铁素体FWHM/d平均值随工程应力变化的关系曲线

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