纤维素衍生多孔碳的制备及其电化学储能性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2026.090

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (7): 535-542 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2026.090

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

纤维素衍生多孔碳的制备及其电化学储能性能

王娜¹(

), 兰中华¹, 屈金萌¹, 刘艳云¹, 李万喜¹(

), 刘慧超²(

), 冯丽萍³

^1.晋中学院材料科学与工程系晋中 030619
^2.忻州师范学院化学系忻州 034000
^3.山西经济管理干部学院太原 030024

Flash Synthesis of Cellulose-derived Porous Carbon for Electrochemical Energy Storage

WANG Na¹(

), LAN Zhonghua¹, QU Jinmeng¹, LIU Yanyun¹, LI Wanxi¹(

), LIU Huichao²(

), FENG Liping³

^1.Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
^2.Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou 034000, China
^3.Shanxi Institute of Economic Management, Taiyuan 030024, China

引用本文:

王娜, 兰中华, 屈金萌, 刘艳云, 李万喜, 刘慧超, 冯丽萍. 纤维素衍生多孔碳的制备及其电化学储能性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(7): 535-542.
Na WANG, Zhonghua LAN, Jinmeng QU, Yanyun LIU, Wanxi LI, Huichao LIU, Liping FENG. Flash Synthesis of Cellulose-derived Porous Carbon for Electrochemical Energy Storage[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(7): 535-542.

全文: PDF(11756 KB) HTML

摘要:

采用一种熔盐辅助闪蒸焦耳热策略，以纤维素为原料高速和高效制备了一种纤维素衍生多孔碳。结果表明，与用传统管式炉热解制备的碳材料相比，用闪蒸焦耳热法制备的碳材料具有分级多孔结构，有利于电荷存储和离子高速传输；同时，这种多孔碳含有更高浓度的含氧官能团和结构缺陷。这种碳材料具有优异的比容量和良好的反应动力学。用这种碳材料可组装出性能优异的对称超级电容器和锌离子混合电容器。

关键词 ：无机非金属材料, 纤维素, 闪蒸焦耳热法, 多孔碳, 超级电容器, 锌离子电容器

Abstract：

Biomass-derived carbon materials are promising electrode materials for new energy storage devices due to their wide availability, low cost, and tunable structures. However, conventional synthesis methods are often complex, energy-intensive, and time-consuming. This study reports a molten salt-assisted flash Joule heating strategy for the rapid and efficient preparation of porous carbon from cellulose. In contrast to carbon derived from conventional tube furnace pyrolysis, the flash Joule heated carbon possesses a hierarchical porous structure, which facilitates charge storage and rapid ion transport. Furthermore, it exhibits a higher concentration of oxygen functional groups and defects. Electrochemical analysis in a three-electrode system confirmed that the flash Joule heated carbon delivers a superior specific capacity and enhanced reaction kinetics. To demonstrate its practical application potential, symmetric supercapacitors and zinc-ion hybrid capacitors were assembled using this material, both of which exhibited enhanced electrochemical performance. This work highlights the great potential of flash Joule heating as a universal strategy for converting biomass into high-value carbon materials for diverse energy storage applications.

Key words： inorganic non-metallic materials cellulose flash Joule heating porous carbon supercapacitor zinc-ion capacitor

收稿日期: 2026-01-06

ZTFLH:

TB383

基金资助:山西省回国科教创新资助项目(2025-205);晋中学院博士科研启动项目(23E00042);山西省新型多功能玻璃技术创新中心和山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2025L172)

通讯作者: 王娜，副教授，wangna_jzxy@163.com，研究方向为储能材料和新型储能器件的研究;
李万喜，教授，liwanxi1986@163.com，研究方向为碳基功能材料的可控制备;
刘慧超，讲师，15536640421@163.com，研究方向为碳基功能材料的设计合成及电化学性能研究

Corresponding author: WANG Na, Tel: 15835111898, E-mail: wangna_jzxy@163.com;
LI Wanxi, Tel: 13613410452, E-mail: liwanxi1986@163.com;
LIU Huichao, Tel: 15536640421, E-mail: 15536640421@163.com

作者简介: 王娜，女，1994年生，博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2026.090 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I7/535

图1 纤维素衍生多孔碳材料的制备和器件组装示意图

图2 TFC-511、FJH-black和FJH-511的SEM和TEM照片

图3 三种碳材料的N2 吸附/脱附等温线、孔径分布图以及Raman谱、XPS全谱、C 1s谱、O 1s谱和XRD谱

图4 三电极系统下三种碳材料的CV图，GCD图，比容量图，EIS图，Z'-ω-1/2拟合曲线以及材料的相位角与频率之间的关系

图5 FJH-511组装的超级电容器的CV图、GCD图、比容量图、功率密度和能量密度的关系、EIS图和循环稳定性

图6 用FJH-511组装锌离子电容器的示意图、ZICs的CV图、50 mV·s-1扫速下容量贡献和扩散贡献的占比、不同扫速下容量贡献和扩散贡献的占比、GCD图，比容量图和循环稳定性图，不同个数ZICs的串并联CV图和GCD图

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