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材料研究学报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (8): 583-594    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2026.125
  钛合金专题 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
Ti2AlNb合金薄板的微观组织、织构和力学性能
陈尧1,2, 陈志勇1,2(), 柏春光1,2
1.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110016
2.中国科学院金属研究所 沈阳 110016
Microstructure, Texture, and Mechanical Properties of Ti2AlNb Alloy Sheet
CHEN Yao1,2, CHEN Zhiyong1,2(), BAI Chunguang1,2
1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
引用本文:

陈尧, 陈志勇, 柏春光. Ti2AlNb合金薄板的微观组织、织构和力学性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(8): 583-594.
Yao CHEN, Zhiyong CHEN, Chunguang BAI. Microstructure, Texture, and Mechanical Properties of Ti2AlNb Alloy Sheet[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(8): 583-594.

全文: PDF(20329 KB)   HTML
摘要: 

为改善Ti2AlNb合金薄板拉伸性能的各向异性,本文采用换向轧制工艺制备了实验薄板,并研究了热处理对其微观组织、织构和拉伸性能的影响,揭示了板材沿厚度方向分层织构的形成机制。结果表明,薄板的微观组织由B2相基体、多种形态的O相以及少量的等轴α2相组成。B2相的{001}<110>旋转立方织构和{111}<uvw>织构沿厚度方向交替分布;α2相呈现典型的T型织构;受取向关系遗传影响,O相的取向分布以[100]//ND和[001]//TD为特征。这种分层结构的形成源于多道次轧制过程中表层剪切应变和心部压缩应变的不均匀累积。室温下,固溶态板材表现出显著的拉伸各向异性,横向(TD)拉伸强度明显高于纵向(RD)拉伸强度。其主要原因是沿TD方向加载时α2相的T型织构使柱面<a>滑移系更难启动,且轧向长板条组织对TD方向的位错运动产生了更强的几何阻碍。时效热处理不仅诱发了弥散分布的二次针状O相析出,提高组织均匀性,还通过增强α2相的R型织构弱化了柱面<a>滑移的方向依赖性。这两种效应的协同作用,使板材拉伸性能的各向异性显著降低。

关键词 金属材料热处理Ti2AlNb合金板材织构力学性能各向异性    
Abstract

The cold rolled commercial Ti-based alloy Ti2AlNb sheets of 1 mm in thickness were prepared via multiple folding and rolling, and then subjected to solid solution treatment at 960 oC, followed by three type aging treatments in two-phase (B2 + α2) region: 750 oC/4 h, 800 oC/4 h and 850 oC/4 h respectively. Then the effect of heat treatments on their microstructure, texture, and tensile properties was investigated, in terms of verifying the effect of reducing the anisotropy of alloy sheets and revealing the related formation mechanism of the layered texture structure parallel to the sheet surface within the sheet section. The results show that the microstructure of the sheet consists of B2-matrix, O-phase of various morphologies, and a small amount of equiaxed α2-phase. The {001}<110> rotated cube texture and the {111}<uvw> texture of the B2-phase are alternately distributed along the thickness direction; the α2-phase exhibits a typical T-type texture; influenced by orientation relationship inheritance, the orientation distribution of the O-phase is characterized by [100]//ND and [001]//TD. This layered structure originates from the inhomogeneous accumulation of shear strain in the surface region and compressive strain in the center during multi-pass rolling. At room temperatures, the solution-treated sheet exhibits pronounced tensile anisotropy, with the transverse direction (TD) tensile strength being significantly higher than that along the rolling direction (RD). The primary reason is that, under loading along TD, the T-type texture of the α2-phase renders the prismatic <a> slip systems more difficult to activate, and the elongated lath structure along the rolling direction imposes a stronger geometrical barrier to dislocation motion in the TD. Aging heat treatment not only induces the precipitation of finely dispersed secondary acicular O-phase, thereby improving the microstructural homogeneity, but also weakens the direction dependence of prismatic <a> slip by strengthening the R-type texture of the α2-phase. The synergistic effect of these two mechanisms significantly reduces the tensile anisotropy of the sheet.

Key wordsmetallic materials    heat treatment    Ti2AlNb alloy sheet    texture    mechanical property    anisotropy
收稿日期: 2026-02-09     
ZTFLH:  TG146.2  
基金资助:国家部委基础科研计划(JCKY2021204A004)
通讯作者: 陈志勇,研究员,zhiyongchen@imr.ac.cn,研究方向为高温钛合金板材成分设计与应用
Corresponding author: CHEN Zhiyong, Tel: (024)23971586, E-mail: zhiyongchen@imr.ac.cn
作者简介: 陈 尧,男,2001年生,硕士生
图1  拉伸试样的尺寸和取样示意图
图2  不同热处理后Ti2AlNb板材的微观组织
图3  ST态板材中各相的晶体取向
图4  ST态板材中各相的极图
图5  在不同温度时效态板材中各相的极图分布

Heat

treatment

Rp0.2 / MPaRm / MPaA / %
RDTDRDTDRDTD
ST9731113108011756.32.3
AT-75010961108113611402.52.0
AT-8009911002107110724.53.5
AT-8508328949469666.04.0
表1  不同热处理板材的室温拉伸性能

Heat

treatment

Rp0.2 / MPaRm / MPaA / %
RDTDRDTDRDTD
ST7768019609974.03.5
AT-7507647809339618.04.5
AT-80070270887488010.05.0
AT-85067670081484714.08.0
表2  不同热处理板材的650 ℃拉伸性能
图6  不同热处理板材的室温和650 ℃拉伸强度的变化趋势
图7  板材RD-ND面的EBSD数据和微观组织
图8  B2相中各滑移系的Schmid因子分布
图9  O相中基面<a>滑移系和柱面<a>滑移系Schmid因子的分布
图10  O相中锥面<c + a>滑移系的Schmid因子分布
图11  α2相各滑移Schmid因子的分布
图12  ST态板材650 ℃拉伸后夹持端的微观组织
Aging treatmentSlip systemDirectionAverage SF
AT-750{101¯0}<112¯0>RD0.2923
TD0.2107
AT-800RD0.3015
TD0.2182
AT-850RD0.2824
TD0.2316
表3  时效处理板材中α2相柱面<a>滑移系沿不同加载方向的平均Schmid因子
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