微量Mg元素添加对Cu-Cr合金析出行为及性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2018.596

材料研究学报

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (7): 552-560 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2018.596

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

微量Mg元素添加对Cu-Cr合金析出行为及性能的影响

邬善江¹,王俊峰¹,钟淑伟¹,张建波²(

),汪航²,杨斌^1,²(

)

1. 江西理工大学材料科学与工程学院赣州 341000
2. 江西理工大学工程研究院赣州 341000

Effect of Trace Mg Addition on Precipitation Behavior and Properties of Cu-Cr Alloy

Shanjiang WU¹,Junfeng WANG¹,Shuwei ZHONG¹,Jianbo ZHANG²(

),Hang WANG²,Bin YANG^1,²(

)

1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
2. Institute of Engineering Research, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China

引用本文:

邬善江,王俊峰,钟淑伟,张建波,汪航,杨斌. 微量Mg元素添加对Cu-Cr合金析出行为及性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2019, 33(7): 552-560.
Shanjiang WU, Junfeng WANG, Shuwei ZHONG, Jianbo ZHANG, Hang WANG, Bin YANG. Effect of Trace Mg Addition on Precipitation Behavior and Properties of Cu-Cr Alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(7): 552-560.

全文: PDF(20752 KB) HTML

摘要:

通过熔炼铸造工艺制备了Cu-Cr和Cu-Cr-Mg合金,评价了Mg元素对Cu-Cr合金硬度、导电和抗软化性能的影响,研究了Mg元素对Cu-Cr合金析出相的细化作用,探讨了Mg元素的迁移行为。结果表明,相比于Cu-Cr二元合金,时效态Cu-Cr-Mg合金具有更高的硬度和软化温度,且保持较高的导电性能。两种合金的主要时效强化相均为纳米Cr析出相,Mg元素的加入抑制了纳米沉淀相的长大和结构转变,峰时效态Cu-Cr-Mg合金的析出相与基体可能仍保持共格界面关系,过时效态合金中出现与Heulser相结构相同的析出相,且峰时效态Cu-Cr-Mg合金经过高温保温处理后,其强化相的尺寸明显小于Cu-Cr合金析出相。EDS的结果表明,在时效初期Mg和Cr共存于析出相内部,而在时效后期析出相内部只有Cr元素存在,Mg元素发生迁移,同时理论估算结果显示,Mg元素可明显降低Cu(fcc)/Cr(bcc)之间的界面能,导致其偏聚于基体/析出相界面处,这可能是Mg元素能够细化析出相和提高合金性能的主要原因。

关键词 ：金属材料, Cu-Cr系合金, 显微组织, 时效强化, 抗软化性能

Abstract：

Cu-Cr and Cu-Cr-Mg alloys were prepared by melting and casting process, then the effect of Mg addition on hardness, electrical properties and softening resistance of the alloys was assessed. The results show that after aging treatment, the hardness and softening temperature of the Cu-Cr-Mg alloy are higher than that of the Cu-Cr binary alloy, while the high electrical conductivity is maintained. The main strengthening mechanism of these two alloys is aging precipitation strengthening. The addition of Mg inhibits the growth and structural transformation of the nano-precipitates. The strengthening phase of the peak-aged Cu-Cr-Mg alloy still maintains a coherent interface with the matrix. The precipitate with the similar structure as Heulser phase is observed in the over-aging alloy. After post heat treatment of the peak-aged alloys, the size of the strengthening phase of Cu-Cr-Mg alloy is significantly smaller than that of the Cu-Cr alloy. Mg and Cr coexist in the precipitate at the early stage of aging, while in the later stage of aging, only Cr exists inside the precipitate. The theoretical estimation results show that Mg can significantly reduce the interfacial energy between Cu (fcc) and Cr (bcc), leading to segregation of Mg at the interface matrix/precipitate. This may be the main reason why Mg can refine the precipitates and improve the performance of the Cu-Cr alloy.

Key words： metallic materials Cu-Cr system alloy microstructure aging strengthening softening resistance

收稿日期: 2018-09-30

ZTFLH:

TG146.1

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0301400);国家自然科学基金(51461017);国家自然科学基金(51561008);江西省自然科学基金(20171ACB21044)

作者简介: 邬善江,男,1995年生,硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2018.596 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2019/V33/I7/552

表1 实验合金的成分(质量分数,%)

图1 时效工艺对Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金性能的影响

图2 500℃/1 h时效态Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金在不同温度保温1 h后的温度-硬度曲线

图3 500 ℃/0.5 h时效态合金TEM照片及选区电子衍射花样

图4 500℃/1 h时效态合金TEM照片及选区电子衍射花样

图5 500℃/4 h时效态合金TEM照片及选区电子衍射花样

图6 峰时效态Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金经600℃保温1 h后的TEM照片及选区电子衍射花样

图7 500℃/0.5 h时效态Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金的HRTEM像

表2 500℃/0.5 h时效态Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金EDS结果

图8 500℃/1 h时效态Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金HRTEM像

表3 500℃/1 h时效态Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金EDS结果

图9 500℃/4 h时效态Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金的HRTEM像

表4 500℃/4 h时效态Cu-Cr-(Mg)合金EDS结果

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