Preparation of Low Activity Fe-Al Coating on 316L Steel Surface

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.577

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (11): 801-810 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.577

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Preparation of Low Activity Fe-Al Coating on 316L Steel Surface

CHEN Jihong¹^,³, WANG Yongli²^,³(

), XIONG Liangyin²^,³, SONG Lixin¹

1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
2 Shi -changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
3 CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

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CHEN Jihong, WANG Yongli, XIONG Liangyin, SONG Lixin. Preparation of Low Activity Fe-Al Coating on 316L Steel Surface. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(11): 801-810.

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Abstract

The Fe-Al coatings were prepared on the surface of 316L stainless steel plate and the inner surface of 316L tubes by pack cementation method. The effect of aluminizing agent ratio, temperature and time on the microstructure and phase composition of the Fe-Al coatings were investigated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy spectrum analysis (EDS) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The growth rate of coatings was measured for the planar samples and the inner wall of the tubes. The results showed that uniform Fe-Al coatings with good coherence to the substrate were obtained after aluminizing at 700~800^oC for 6 h. The higher growth rate of coating was achieved in the aluminizing agent with Fe-Al powder content of 75%. The aluminizing temperature has little effect on the phase compositions of the coatings obtained in the range of 700~800^oC. The prepared Fe-Al coating show double-layered structure, with the outer Al-rich layer mainly composed of FeAl toughness phase, and the inner elemental diffusion layer mainly composed of Fe₃Al phase. With the increasing time, the element diffusion is enhanced in the coating, which leads to dense and smooth coating surface. On the other hand, due to the enhanced element diffusion, some pores with 1-2μm diameter appears in the region near the interface between Al-rich layer and diffusion layer and the number of pores is increasing with time. The Fe-Al coating without pores at the interface of the 316L substrate was prepared on inner surface of 316L stainless steel tubes in the temperature range of 700~800^oC. After the same aluminizing process, the thickness of the coating grown on the inner tube surface is about 1.1~2.1 times of that on the plate surface. It can be explained by the smaller nuclei volume of coating nucleated on a curved surface than that on a flat surface, which result in the higher nucleation efficiency and faster growth rate of coating on the inner surface of tubes.

Key words: surface and interface in the materials Fe-Al coating pack cementation method 316L steel nucleation efficiency pipe wall coating

Received: 04 December 2023

ZTFLH:

O484

Fund: LingChuang Research Project of China National Nuclear Corporation

Corresponding Authors: WANG Yongli, Tel: 15909820506, E-mail: wangyongli@imr.ac.cn

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.577 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2024/V38/I11/801

Table 1 Chemical composition of 316L stainless steel (%, mass fraction)

Table 2 Composition of the three aluminizing agent ratios (%, mass fraction)

Fig.1 Surface and cross-sectional morphology of Fe-Al coatings prepared with different aluminizing agent ratios (a, e) P1; (b, d) P2; (c, f) P3

Fig.2 XRD spectra of Fe-Al coatings prepared with different ratios of aluminizing agents

Fig.3 Energy spectrum of different depth

Table 3 EDS results for spectrogram 1 and spectrogram 2 (%, mass fraction)

Fig.4 SEM images of surface morphology of Fe-Al coatings prepared at different aluminizing temperatures (a) 700^oC; (b) 750^oC; (c) 800^oC

Fig.5 BSE pictures and energy spectrum analysis results of the cross-sectional morphology of Fe-Al coatings aluminized at different aluminizing temperatures for 6 h (a, d) 700^oC; (b, e) 750^oC; (c, f) 800^oC

Fig.6 XRD spectrum of Fe-Al coatings prepared at different aluminizing temperatures

Table 4 Diffusion coefficients of Al atoms at different temperatures (D)

Fig.7 SEM images of surface morphology of Fe-Al coatings prepared at different aluminizing times (a) 3 h; (b) 6 h; (c) 9 h

Fig.8 BSE pictures and energy spectrum analysis results of the cross-sectional morphology of Fe-Al coatings aluminied at 800^oC for different times (a, d) 3 h; (b, e) 6 h; (c, f) 9 h

Fig.9 XRD spectrum of Fe-Al coatings aluminized for different times

Fig.10 BSE images of the cross-sectional morphology of Fe-Al coatings aluminized on the inner wall of 316L tubes at different temperature for different time (a) 700^oC/6 h; (b) 750^oC/6 h; (c) 800^oC/3 h; (d) 800^oC/6 h; (e) 800^oC/9 h

Fig.11 Fitted plots of Fe-Al coating thickness and temperature (a) and time (b) for 316L stainless steel planar sample and tube sample

Fig.12 Nucleation volume at solid impurity surface of different shape (a) concave surface; (b) planar surface; (c) convex surface

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