分级固溶处理对<strong>8Cr4Mo4V</strong>钢的微观组织和硬度的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2021.702

材料研究学报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (4): 287-297 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2021.702

研究论文

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分级固溶处理对8Cr4Mo4V钢的微观组织和硬度的影响

于兴福¹(

), 王士杰², 郑冬月², 王全振³, 苏勇⁴, 赵文增¹, 邢飞¹

^1.沈阳工业大学机械工程学院沈阳 110870
^2.沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110870
^3.沈阳鼓风机集团股份有限公司沈阳 110869
^4.沈阳化工大学机械与动力工程学院沈阳 110142

Effect of Graded Solution Treatments on Microstructure and Hardness of 8Cr4Mo4V Steel

YU Xingfu¹(

), WANG Shijie², ZHENG Dongyue², WANG Quanzhen³, SU Yong⁴, ZHAO Wenzeng¹, XING Fei¹

^1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^3.Shenyang Blower Group Co. Ltd., Shenyang 110869, China
^4.School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China

引用本文:

于兴福, 王士杰, 郑冬月, 王全振, 苏勇, 赵文增, 邢飞. 分级固溶处理对8Cr4Mo4V钢的微观组织和硬度的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2022, 36(4): 287-297.
Xingfu YU, Shijie WANG, Dongyue ZHENG, Quanzhen WANG, Yong SU, Wenzeng ZHAO, Fei XING. Effect of Graded Solution Treatments on Microstructure and Hardness of 8Cr4Mo4V Steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 36(4): 287-297.

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摘要:

对8Cr4Mo4V航空轴承钢进行分级固溶处理,即在1000~1060℃的初级固溶处理和在1080~1100℃的二级固溶处理,并观察和测试其组织和硬度,研究了分级固溶温度的影响。结果表明,随着初级固溶温度的提高(二级固溶处理为1080℃×10 min),钢中未溶碳化物的体积分数从4.37%逐渐降低到3.43%,但是晶粒没有明显长大。随着二级固溶温度的提高(初级固溶处理为1060℃×30 min),未溶碳化物的体积分数从3.51%逐渐降低到2.84%,平均晶粒尺寸显著增大。当初级固溶温度较低或二级固溶温度较高时,8Cr4Mo4V钢的回火硬度较高。为了使8Cr4Mo4V钢具有高硬度同时避免晶粒粗化,初级固溶温度宜为1020~1050℃,二级固溶温度宜为1080~1090℃。对这种钢进行1020℃×20 min+1090℃×10 min固溶处理后,其平均晶粒尺寸为12.1 μm,回火硬度为63.8 HRC,冲击吸收功为15.28 J,室温抗拉强度为2664.3 MPa。

关键词 ：金属材料, 8Cr4Mo4V, 高温轴承钢, 分级固溶处理, 力学性能

Abstract：

The effect of graded solution treatments, i.e. a primary solution treatment at 1000~1060℃ and a secondary solution treatment at 1080~1100℃, on the microstructure and hardness of the 8Cr4Mo4V aviation bearing steel was assessed by means of SEM, TEM and hardness tester. The results show that with the increase of the primary solution temperature from 1000℃ to 1060℃ (the secondary solution treatment was set at 1080℃×10 min), the volume fraction of undissolved carbides in the steel decreased from 4.37% to 3.43%, but the grain growth was not obvious. However, with the increase of secondary solution temperature from 1080℃ to 1100°C (the primary solution treatment was set at 1060°C×30 min), the volume fraction of undissolved carbides gradually decreased from 3.51% to 2.84%, and the average grain size increased significantly. The tempered hardness of the steel can reach a high value when the primary solution temperature is low or the secondary solution temperature is high. In order to improve the hardness and prevent grain coarsening of the steel, the primary solution temperature within the range of 1020~1050℃ is suitable, and the secondary solution temperature is suitable within 1080~1090℃. After being solution treated according to the specifications of 1020℃×20 min+1090℃×10 min, the average grain size of the steel is 12.1 μm, the tempered hardness is 63.8 HRC, the impact absorption energy is 15.28 J, and the tensile strength of the steel is 2664.3 MPa.

Key words： metallic materials 8Cr4Mo4V high temperature bearing steel graded solution treatment mechanical property

收稿日期: 2021-12-24

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

基金资助:兴辽英才计划(XLYC1902022);辽宁省教育厅2021年度科学研究经费(LJKZ0113)

作者简介: 于兴福,男,1976年生,博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2021.702 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2022/V36/I4/287

表1 实验用8Cr4Mo4V钢的化学成分

图1 8Cr4Mo4V钢的热处理工艺

图2 不同初级固溶处理的8Cr4Mo4V钢的等温淬火组织

图3 未溶碳化物能谱分析以及晶粒尺寸和碳化物的统计

图4 未溶碳化物的体积分数和平均晶粒尺寸随初级固溶温度的变化

图5 不同初级固溶处理8Cr4Mo4V钢的回火组织

图6 不同初级固溶处理8Cr4Mo4V钢的回火组织

图7 不同初级固溶处理后8Cr4Mo4V钢的洛氏硬度

图8 不同二级固溶处理后8Cr4Mo4V钢的等温淬火组织和回火组织

图9 未溶碳化物的体积分数和平均晶粒尺寸随二级固溶温度的变化

图10 8Cr4Mo4V钢的硬度与二级固溶温度之间的关系

图11 在不同固溶温度晶粒生长的示意图

图12 不同分级固溶处理后钢的碳化物溶解和析出示意图

图13 不同分级固溶处理后8Cr4Mo4V钢的平均晶粒尺寸和回火硬度

图14 验证工艺处理试样的金相晶粒和微观组织

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