淬火冷却速率对海洋平台用<strong>Ni-Cr-Mo-B</strong>钢性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2021.275

材料研究学报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (4): 250-260 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2021.275

研究论文

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淬火冷却速率对海洋平台用Ni-Cr-Mo-B钢性能的影响

张守清¹^,², 胡小锋¹(

), 杜瑜宾¹^,², 姜海昌¹, 庞辉勇³, 戎利建¹

^1.中国科学院金属研究所中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室沈阳 110016
^2.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016
^3.舞阳钢铁有限责任公司平顶山 462500

Effect of Quenching Cooling Rate on Mechanical Properties of a Ni-Cr-Mo-B Steel for Offshore Platform

ZHANG Shouqing¹^,², HU Xiaofeng¹(

), DU Yubin¹^,², JIANG Haichang¹, PANG Huiyong³, RONG Lijian¹

^1.CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.Wuyang Iron and Steel Co. Ltd., Pingdingshan 462500, China

引用本文:

张守清, 胡小锋, 杜瑜宾, 姜海昌, 庞辉勇, 戎利建. 淬火冷却速率对海洋平台用Ni-Cr-Mo-B钢性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2022, 36(4): 250-260.
Shouqing ZHANG, Xiaofeng HU, Yubin DU, Haichang JIANG, Huiyong PANG, Lijian RONG. Effect of Quenching Cooling Rate on Mechanical Properties of a Ni-Cr-Mo-B Steel for Offshore Platform[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 36(4): 250-260.

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摘要:

使用热膨胀仪、SEM电镜、EBSD、硬度、拉伸和冲击等观察和检测手段,研究了淬火冷却速率对海洋平台用Ni-Cr-Mo-B钢的显微组织、有效晶粒尺寸(EGS)和力学性能的影响。结果表明,不同冷却速率的合金钢,其显微组织包括板条马氏体(LM)、板条贝氏体(LB)、粒状贝氏体(GB)和F(铁素体)。随着淬火冷却速率的降低合金钢的显微组织分别为LM(>20℃/s)、LM/LB(20~2℃/s)、LB(2~1℃/s)、LB/GB(1~0.2℃/s)、GB/F(0.2~0.02℃/s),其硬度由100℃/s时的393HV逐渐降低至0.02℃/s时的291HV。回火后合金钢的屈服强度由水冷的836 MPa降低至炉冷的726 MPa,而延伸率几乎不变,约为20%。油冷合金钢的-60℃冲击功最高(199 J),水冷次之(54 J),空冷和炉冷合金钢的最低(<30 J)。其原因是,油冷合金钢具有LM_T/LB_T混合组织,较小的EGS (1.6 μm)对解理裂纹的阻碍作用较强；而空冷、炉冷合金钢的组织分别为GB_T/LB_T、GB_T/F,其EGS较大(分别为2.4和2.8 μm),对解理裂纹的阻碍作用较弱。

关键词 ：金属材料, Ni-Cr-Mo-B钢, 显微组织, 冷却速率, 有效晶粒尺寸, 冲击功

Abstract：

The effect of quenching cooling rate on the microstructure, effective grain size (EGS) and mechanical properties of a Ni-Cr-Mo-B steel for offshore platform was investigated by means of dilatometer, SEM, EBSD, in combination with hardness, tensile and impact tests. The results show that the microstructures of the steel by different cooling rates mainly include lath martensite (LM), lath bainite (LB), granular bainite (GB) and ferrite (F). With the decrease of cooling rate the microstructures of the steel can be LM (>20℃/s), LM/LB (20~2℃/s), LB (2~1℃/s), LB /GB (1~0.2℃/s) and GB/F (0.2~0.02℃/s). Meanwhile, the hardness gradually decreases from 393HV by 100℃/s to 291HV by 0.02℃/s. After tempered, the yield strength decreases from 836 MPa for water-cooled steel to 726 MPa for furnace-cooled steel, while the elongation almost keeps constant around about 20%. Impact energy at -60℃ for oil-cooled steel is the highest about 199 J, followed by water-cooled steel (54 J), and the air-cooled and furnace-cooled steels exhibit the lowest impact energy (<30 J). This is because the microstructure of oil-cooled steel is LM_T/LB_T, which has the smallest EGS (1.6 μm) and the strongest effect of hindering the crack growth. However, the air-cooled and furnace-cooled steels present microstructures GB_T/LB_T and GB_T/F respectively, which show the larger EGS (2.4 and 2.8 μm) and the weaker effect of hindering the crack growth.

Key words： metallic materials Ni-Cr-Mo-B steel microstructure cooling rate effective grain size impact energy

收稿日期: 2021-04-29

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0300601);辽宁省兴辽英才计划项目(XLYC1907143);中国科学院战略重点研究项目(XDC04000000);辽宁省自然科学基金(2020-MS-008)

作者简介: 张守清,男,1993年生,博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2021.275 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2022/V36/I4/250

表1 实验钢的化学成分

图1 实验钢的热处理工艺示意图

图2 不同冷却速率实验钢的低倍SEM照片

图3 不同组织局部放大的高倍SEM照片

图4 回火处理后不同冷却方式实验钢的SEM照片

图5 实验钢在630℃回火时碳化物体积分数随保温时间的变化

图6 实验钢的CCT曲线

图7 不同冷却方式实验钢的EBSD晶界分布

图8 回火后不同冷却方式实验钢的EBSD晶界分布

图9 实验钢的原奥氏体晶粒尺寸、回火前后的有效晶粒尺寸与冷却方式的关系

图10 回火态实验钢的力学性能与冷却方式的关系

图11 回火后不同冷却方式实验钢的冲击断口SEM照片

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