选区激光熔化<strong>Ti6Al4V</strong>合金的各向异性

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2021.105

材料研究学报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (3): 231-240 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2021.105

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

选区激光熔化Ti6Al4V合金的各向异性

刁威, 杜磊, 汪彦博, 周海涛, 孙京丽(

)

上海航天精密机械研究所上海 201600

Anisotropy of Ti6Al4V Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting

DIAO Wei, DU Lei, WANG Yanbo, ZHOU Haitao, SUN Jingli(

)

Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute, Shanghai 201600, China

引用本文:

刁威, 杜磊, 汪彦博, 周海涛, 孙京丽. 选区激光熔化Ti6Al4V合金的各向异性[J]. 材料研究学报, 2022, 36(3): 231-240.
Wei DIAO, Lei DU, Yanbo WANG, Haitao ZHOU, Jingli SUN. Anisotropy of Ti6Al4V Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 36(3): 231-240.

全文: PDF(15538 KB) HTML

摘要:

采用金相分析和拉伸测试等方法，分析了激光熔化成形Ti6Al4V试样在不同沉积高度、不同方向截面的组织和性能。结果表明，平行于沉积方向的截面其组织类似柱状晶，具有较弱的织构特征；垂直于沉积方向的截面其组织为块状结构，具有较强的织构特征。选区激光熔化成形Ti6Al4V合金在沉积高度方向上的力学性能受柱状晶尺寸的影响，随着沉积高度的增大其抗拉强度和屈服强度先降低后升高而延伸率先提高后降低。织构和熔合不良等缺陷，使试样垂直于沉积方向上的强度和塑性都比平行于沉积方向的试样高。

关键词 ：金属材料, 各向异性, Ti6Al4V合金, 选区激光熔化

Abstract：

The microstructure, texture and properties of samples intercepted at different deposition heights and directions of the Ti6Al4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting were investigated by metallographic analysis, XRD and tensile test. The results show that the vertical section parallel to the building direction presents microstructure of columnar-like prior-β grains filled with acicular martensite, while the cross section perpendicular to the building direction presents a block-like microstructure. The texture for the later cross section is stronger than that for the former one. The size of the columnar prior-β grains influences the mechanical properties along the building direction of the Ti6Al4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting. The tensile strength and yield strength decrease first and then increase with the increase of deposition height, while the elongation variation has an opposite trend. The strength and plasticity of samples perpendicular to the building direction is higher than those parallel to the building direction due to the formed defects related with the weaker-texture and poor-fusion.

Key words： metallic materials anisotropy Ti6Al4V alloy selective laser melting

收稿日期: 2021-01-19

ZTFLH:

TG146.23

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51701116);上海市青年科技启明星计划(19QB1402000);上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划(19YF-142000)

作者简介: 刁威，男，1991年生，硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2021.105 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2022/V36/I3/231

表1 气雾法制备的Ti6Al4V粉末化学成分(质量分数，%)

图1 激光扫描方式和成形件不同截面的示意图

图2 拉伸试样的示意图

图3 用气体雾化法制备的Ti6Al4V粉末的扫描电镜照片

图4 SLM-Ti6Al4V合金垂直沉积方向的XY面和TOP面的金相组织

图5 SLM-Ti6Al4V合金垂直沉积方向的XY面和TOP面的扫描电镜照片

图6 SLM成形Ti6Al4V合金垂直沉积方向的截面和原始Ti6Al4V粉末的XRD谱

图7 SLM-Ti6Al4V合金不同方向的截面XZ面和XY面的金相组织

图8 SLM-Ti6Al4V合金不同方向截面XZ面和XY面的扫描电镜照片

图9 SLM成形Ti6Al4V合金不同方向截面的XRD谱

表2 不同沉积高度、不同方向截面的点阵常数和轴比

表3 不同截面中相的质量分数

表4 不同截面各个晶面的相对织构系数

图10 SLM-Ti6Al4V合金垂直沉积方向的硬度

图11 SLM-Ti6Al4V合金不同方向截面的硬度

图12 SLM-Ti6Al4V垂直于基板试样-纵向XZ (L-XZ)和平行于基板试样-横向XY (T-XY) 的试样

图13 SLM成形的Ti6Al4V不同沉积高度试样的力学性能比较

图14 XZ截面的顶部、中间和底部的金相组织

图15 XZ截面顶部、中间和底部的扫描电镜照片

图16 SLM成形的Ti6Al4V试样不同方向截面的力学性能

图17 沉积态试样中的熔合不良缺陷以及L-XZ试样和T-XY试样的拉伸示意图

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