超高强度马氏体时效钢的力学行为与微观组织演化的关系

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2018.707

材料研究学报

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (9): 641-649 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2018.707

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

超高强度马氏体时效钢的力学行为与微观组织演化的关系

冯家伟^1,²,牛梦超^1,²,王威¹(

),单以银¹,杨柯¹

1. 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
2. 中国科学技术大学合肥 230026

Relationship Between Mechanical Behavior and Microstructure for an Ultra-high Strength Maraging Steel

FENG Jiawei^1,²,NIU Mengchao^1,²,WANG Wei¹(

),SHAN Yiyin¹,YANG Ke¹

1. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

引用本文:

冯家伟,牛梦超,王威,单以银,杨柯. 超高强度马氏体时效钢的力学行为与微观组织演化的关系[J]. 材料研究学报, 2019, 33(9): 641-649.
Jiawei FENG, Mengchao NIU, Wei WANG, Yiyin SHAN, Ke YANG. Relationship Between Mechanical Behavior and Microstructure for an Ultra-high Strength Maraging Steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(9): 641-649.

全文: PDF(17102 KB) HTML

摘要:

用高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和原子探针层析技术(APT)等手段研究了2.4 GPa级超高强度马氏体时效钢在时效过程中析出相的演化规律及其与材料力学性能的关系。对组织观察的结果表明，马氏体时效钢在时效过程中析出相的演化规律分为三个阶段：时效初期富Ni和富Ti团簇的形成、峰时效期金属间化合物Ni₃Ti及其界面处富Mo相的形成、过时效阶段Ni₃Ti的粗化和富Mo相过渡为Ni₃Mo。力学性能的实验结果表明，随着时效时间的延长抗拉强度呈现先提高后降低的趋势，时效时间为4 h时抗拉强度达到最大值2560 MPa。断裂韧性呈现与抗拉强度相反的变化趋势，时效时间为4 h时的断裂韧性值最低，仅为20 MPa·m^1/2。根据不同时效阶段材料中析出相的演化规律，探讨了马氏体时效钢的力学行为与析出相的关系。

关键词 ：金属材料, 马氏体时效钢, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

Precipitate evolution during aging process as well as its effect on mechanical properties of a 2.4 GPa grade ultra-high strength maraging steel was investigated by means of high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). It was found that at the initial stage of aging Ni and Ti atoms segregated rapidly and Ni-Ti clusters formed in the matrix. At the peak-aging time the Ni-Ti clusters transformed into Ni₃Ti, and the Mo-rich phase appeared at the Ni₃Ti/matrix interface. With extension of the aging time Ni₃Ti phase started to coarsen and the Mo-rich phase transformed into Ni₃Mo. Mechanical property tests show that the ultimate tensile strength increased firstly and then started to decrease after peak-aging time. A mutually exclusive relation between the ultimate tensile strength and fracture toughness was found, especially, when the aging time was 4 h the ultimate tensile strength reached to the maximum value of 2560 MPa, however the fracture toughness decreased down to the minimum value of 20 MPa·m^1/2. Finally, the effect of the morphology of the precipitates on both the strength and fracture toughness is discussed based on the results of the precipitates evolution during aging process.

Key words： matallic materials maraging steel microstructure mechanical property

收稿日期: 2018-12-13

ZTFLH:

TG142.41

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51201160);国家自然科学基金外国青年学者研究基金(51750110515);中国科学院创新促进会项目(2017233);中国科学院金属研究所创新基金重点项目(2015-ZD04)

作者简介: 冯家伟，男，1992年生，硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2018.707 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2019/V33/I9/641

表1 最大分离法团簇参数的设定

图1 实验用马氏体时效钢深冷处理后的TEM明场像和[001]M衍射花样

图2 实验用马氏体时效钢经深冷处理后分析体(20 nm×20 nm×50 nm)中Ni、Ti、Co、Mo的原子分布以及对应的最近邻分析

图3 实验用马氏体时效钢在480℃时效10 min后分析体(30 nm×30 nm×60 nm)中Ni、Ti、Mo、Ni+Ti+Mo的原子分布和基于35%Ni+Ti和10%Mo的等浓度面

图4 实验用马氏体时效钢在480℃时效4 h后分析体(30 nm×30 nm×60 nm)中Ni、Ti、Mo、Ni+Ti+Mo的原子分布和基于35%Ni+Ti和10%Mo的等浓度面

图5 图4e中选区(6 nm×6 nm×18 nm)的溶质原子分布和一维浓度分布

图6 实验用马氏体时效钢在480℃时效48 h后分析体(30 nm×30 nm×60 nm)中的Ni、Ti、Mo、Ni+Ti+Mo 的原子分布以及基于35%Ni+Ti和10%Mo的等浓度面

图7 实验用马氏体时效钢在480℃时效96 h后Ni3Ti和Ni3Mo的高分辨图像及对应的傅里叶变换

图8 实验用马氏体时效钢在不同热处理状态下的拉伸性能和断裂韧度

图9 实验用马氏体时效钢在480℃时效不同时间后的XRD分析

图10 2.4 GPa级马氏体时效钢在480℃时效过程中析出相的演变规律示意图

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