Cr含量对Nb-Si基超高温合金组织和室温断裂韧性的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2014.551

材料研究学报

2015, Vol. 29

Issue (9): 641-648 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2014.551

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Cr含量对Nb-Si基超高温合金组织和室温断裂韧性的影响

张松(

),郭喜平

西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室西安 710072

Effect of Cr Addition on the Microstructure and Room-temperature Fracture Toughness of Nb-Si Based Ultra-high Temperature Alloys

Song ZHANG,Xiping GUO(

)

State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China

引用本文:

张松,郭喜平. Cr含量对Nb-Si基超高温合金组织和室温断裂韧性的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2015, 29(9): 641-648.
Song ZHANG, Xiping GUO. Effect of Cr Addition on the Microstructure and Room-temperature Fracture Toughness of Nb-Si Based Ultra-high Temperature Alloys[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2015, 29(9): 641-648.

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摘要:

采用真空非自耗电弧熔炼的方法制备了4种名义成分为Nb-22Ti-16Si-4Hf-3Al-xCr (x = 0, 3, 5和10, 原子分数, %) 的合金, 并于1450℃保温50 h进行了均匀化处理, 研究Cr含量对Nb-Si基超高温合金电弧熔炼态和热处理后组织, 及其电弧熔炼态下室温断裂韧性的影响。结果表明: 添加Cr没有改变硅化物的晶型(均为γ(Nb, X)₅Si₃), 但其含量随Cr含量的增加而增加, 而Nbss/γ(Nb, X)₅Si₃共晶的含量则逐渐降低; 添加Cr还促进了Nbss/(Nb, X)₅Si₃/Cr₂(Nb, X) 三相共晶的形成, 且该共晶的含量随合金中Cr含量的增加而增加。经1450℃/50 h热处理后, 原电弧熔炼态的Nbss枝晶和共晶组织消失, 且合金组织明显变得均匀。Cr含量为0, 3%和5%的合金组成相为Nbss和γ(Nb, X)₅Si₃, 而在Cr含量为10%的合金中则出现了Nbss, γ(Nb, X)₅Si₃和Cr₂(Nb, X)的三相平衡组织。电弧熔炼态下合金的室温断裂韧性随Cr含量的增加呈现降低的趋势。

关键词 ：金属材料, Nb-Si基超高温合金, 电弧熔炼态, 热处理, 室温断裂韧性, Cr含量

Abstract：

Four Nb-Si based ultra-high temperature alloys with compositions of Nb-22Ti-16Si-4Hf-3Al-xCr (x = 0, 3%, 5% and 10%, atomic fraction) were prepared by vacuum non-consumable arc melting and then heat-treated at 1450℃ for 50 h. The effects of Cr content on the microstructure and room-temperature fracture toughness of the alloys were investigated. The results showed that the Cr addition did not change the crystal structure of the silicide γ(Nb, X)₅Si₃. The amount of γ(Nb, X)₅Si₃ rose while that of the eutectic Nbss/γ(Nb, X)₅Si decreased with the increasing Cr content. Furthermore, a low melting point of three-phase eutectic composed of Nbss, (Nb, X)₅Si₃ and Cr₂(Nb, X) was observed in Cr-containing alloys and its amount gradually increased with the increasing Cr addition. After 1450℃/50 h heat-treatment, the original Nbss dendrites as well as eutectic colonies disappeared, and the microstructural uniformity was significantly ameliorated. The alloys with 0, 3% and 5% Cr were all composed of phases Nbss and γ(Nb, X)₅Si₃, while three-phase equilibrium of Nbss, γ(Nb, X)₅Si₃ and Cr₂(Nb, X) was observed in the alloy with 10% Cr. However, the room-temperature fracture toughness of the as-cast alloys exhibited a decreasing trend with Cr addition.

Key words： metallic materials Nb-Si based ultra-high temperature alloy arc-melting heat-treatment room-temperature fracture toughness Cr addition

收稿日期: 2014-09-30

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金51071124, 51371145, 51431003, U1435201和高等学校博士点基金20096102110012资助项目。

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2014.551 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2015/V29/I9/641

图1 Nb-Si基超高温合金的XRD谱

图2 Nb-Si基超高温合金电弧熔炼态组织的BSE像

图3 电弧熔炼态Nb-Si基超高温合金中Nbss/(Nb, X)5Si3/Cr2(Nb, X) 共晶的BSE像

表1 Nb-Si基超高温合金电弧熔炼态组织中各相的成分

图4 Nb-Si基超高温合金经1450℃/50 h热处理后组织的BSE像

表2 Nb-Si基超高温合金经1450℃/50 h处理后组织中各相的成分

表3 电弧熔炼态Nb-Si基超高温合金的室温断裂韧性

图5 电弧熔炼态Nb-Si基超高温合金的断口形貌

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