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材料研究学报  2015, Vol. 29 Issue (9): 641-648    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2014.551
  本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
Cr含量对Nb-Si基超高温合金组织和室温断裂韧性的影响
张松(),郭喜平
西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室 西安 710072
Effect of Cr Addition on the Microstructure and Room-temperature Fracture Toughness of Nb-Si Based Ultra-high Temperature Alloys
Song ZHANG,Xiping GUO()
State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
引用本文:

张松,郭喜平. Cr含量对Nb-Si基超高温合金组织和室温断裂韧性的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2015, 29(9): 641-648.
Song ZHANG, Xiping GUO. Effect of Cr Addition on the Microstructure and Room-temperature Fracture Toughness of Nb-Si Based Ultra-high Temperature Alloys[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2015, 29(9): 641-648.

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摘要: 

采用真空非自耗电弧熔炼的方法制备了4种名义成分为Nb-22Ti-16Si-4Hf-3Al-xCr (x = 0, 3, 5和10, 原子分数, %) 的合金, 并于1450℃保温50 h进行了均匀化处理, 研究Cr含量对Nb-Si基超高温合金电弧熔炼态和热处理后组织, 及其电弧熔炼态下室温断裂韧性的影响。结果表明: 添加Cr没有改变硅化物的晶型(均为γ(Nb, X)5Si3), 但其含量随Cr含量的增加而增加, 而Nbss/γ(Nb, X)5Si3共晶的含量则逐渐降低; 添加Cr还促进了Nbss/(Nb, X)5Si3/Cr2(Nb, X) 三相共晶的形成, 且该共晶的含量随合金中Cr含量的增加而增加。经1450℃/50 h热处理后, 原电弧熔炼态的Nbss枝晶和共晶组织消失, 且合金组织明显变得均匀。Cr含量为0, 3%和5%的合金组成相为Nbss和γ(Nb, X)5Si3, 而在Cr含量为10%的合金中则出现了Nbss, γ(Nb, X)5Si3和Cr2(Nb, X)的三相平衡组织。电弧熔炼态下合金的室温断裂韧性随Cr含量的增加呈现降低的趋势。
关键词 ： 金属材料,  Nb-Si基超高温合金,  电弧熔炼态,  热处理,  室温断裂韧性,  Cr含量    
Abstract：

Four Nb-Si based ultra-high temperature alloys with compositions of Nb-22Ti-16Si-4Hf-3Al-xCr (x = 0, 3%, 5% and 10%, atomic fraction) were prepared by vacuum non-consumable arc melting and then heat-treated at 1450℃ for 50 h. The effects of Cr content on the microstructure and room-temperature fracture toughness of the alloys were investigated. The results showed that the Cr addition did not change the crystal structure of the silicide γ(Nb, X)5Si3. The amount of γ(Nb, X)5Si3 rose while that of the eutectic Nbss/γ(Nb, X)5Si decreased with the increasing Cr content. Furthermore, a low melting point of three-phase eutectic composed of Nbss, (Nb, X)5Si3 and Cr2(Nb, X) was observed in Cr-containing alloys and its amount gradually increased with the increasing Cr addition. After 1450℃/50 h heat-treatment, the original Nbss dendrites as well as eutectic colonies disappeared, and the microstructural uniformity was significantly ameliorated. The alloys with 0, 3% and 5% Cr were all composed of phases Nbss and γ(Nb, X)5Si3, while three-phase equilibrium of Nbss, γ(Nb, X)5Si3 and Cr2(Nb, X) was observed in the alloy with 10% Cr. However, the room-temperature fracture toughness of the as-cast alloys exhibited a decreasing trend with Cr addition.
Key words： metallic materials    Nb-Si based ultra-high temperature alloy    arc-melting    heat-treatment    room-temperature fracture toughness    Cr addition
收稿日期: 2014-09-30     
基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金51071124, 51371145, 51431003, U1435201和高等学校博士点基金20096102110012资助项目。
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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2014.551      或      https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2015/V29/I9/641

图1  Nb-Si基超高温合金的XRD谱
图2  Nb-Si基超高温合金电弧熔炼态组织的BSE像
图3  电弧熔炼态Nb-Si基超高温合金中Nbss/(Nb, X)5Si3/Cr2(Nb, X) 共晶的BSE像
Alloy Phase Nb Ti Si Hf Al Cr
0Cr-AC Nbss γ(Nb, X)5Si3 73.6 43.6 19.1 13.0 1.8 36.3 2.4 4.7 3.1 2.4 - -
3Cr-AC Nbss γ(Nb, X)5Si3 72.2 42.2 18.1 14.8 1.6 35.6 2.2 4.8 3.5 2.3 2.4 0.3
5Cr-AC Nbss γ(Nb, X)5Si3 66.9 41.6 18.7 15.3 1.5 34.7 2.2 5.1 4.2 2.8 4.5 0.5
10Cr-AC Nbss γ(Nb, X)5Si3 65.6 40.4 18.3 14.2 1.2 36.7 2.1 5.6 3.4 2.1 9.4 1.0
表1  Nb-Si基超高温合金电弧熔炼态组织中各相的成分
图4  Nb-Si基超高温合金经1450℃/50 h热处理后组织的BSE像
Alloy Phase Nb Ti Si Hf Al Cr
0Cr-HT Nbss γ(Nb, X)5Si3 70.2 43.0 23.2 12.3 1.0 37.5 2.0 4.9 3.6 2.3 - -
3Cr-HT Nbss γ(Nb, X)5Si3 63.7 41.3 24.5 14.8 0.8 36.2 1.9 4.9 3.8 2.4 5.3 0.4
5Cr-HT Nbss γ(Nb, X)5Si3 61.7 42.3 23.5 14.6 0.6 35.2 1.5 4.7 4.7 2.6 8.0 0.6
10Cr-HT Nbss γ(Nb, X)5Si3 Cr2(Nb, X) 57.6 40.2 27.5 24.9 13.7 10.0 0.4 37.4 9.5 1.3 5.1 3.3 4.1 2.6 1.7 11.7 1.0 48.0
表2  Nb-Si基超高温合金经1450℃/50 h处理后组织中各相的成分
Alloy 0Cr-AC 3Cr-AC 5Cr-AC 10Cr-AC
Specimen 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
KQ /MPam1/2 13.3 14.6 12.3 11.6 12.4 11.7 11.3 11.9 12.2 9.9 11.0 10.0
Average KQ /MPam1/2 13.4 11.9 11.8 10.3
表3  电弧熔炼态Nb-Si基超高温合金的室温断裂韧性
图5  电弧熔炼态Nb-Si基超高温合金的断口形貌
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