聚丙烯和烯烃嵌段共聚物半导电屏蔽层的性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2025.205

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (1): 23-30 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.205

研究论文

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聚丙烯和烯烃嵌段共聚物半导电屏蔽层的性能

朱皓文¹^,², 隋国鑫¹^,²(

), 刘冬艳¹^,²

^1.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016
^2.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016

Performance of Semi-conductive Shielding Layer Based on Polypropylene and Olefin Block Copolymer

ZHU Haowen¹^,², SUI Guoxin¹^,²(

), LIU Dongyan¹^,²

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

朱皓文, 隋国鑫, 刘冬艳. 聚丙烯和烯烃嵌段共聚物半导电屏蔽层的性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(1): 23-30.
Haowen ZHU, Guoxin SUI, Dongyan LIU. Performance of Semi-conductive Shielding Layer Based on Polypropylene and Olefin Block Copolymer[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(1): 23-30.

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摘要:

以聚丙烯(PP)为基体、以炭黑(CB)为导电填料、以烯烃嵌段共聚物(OBC)为弹性体，使用双螺杆挤出机进行熔融共混制备了不同OBC含量的半导电屏蔽材料。根据CB在这种材料中的形态、熔融-结晶行为和电阻率的温度系数，研究了OBC含量对其性能的影响。结果表明，提高OBC含量可增强这种材料的正温度系数(PTC)效应，OBC的含量(质量分数，下同)为21%时其PTC强度最低，系统的I_PTC值为0.2435并保持了较低的电阻率。这种材料的室温电阻率为24.29 Ω·cm，最大值为42.55 Ω·cm。对这种材料微结构的分析结果表明，CB选择性地分布在OBC中，OBC含量的提高有利于CB的均匀分散。OBC含量为21%的材料，其综合性能最优。

关键词 ：复合材料, 半导电屏蔽材料, 炭黑, 聚丙烯, 体积电阻率

Abstract：

In order to enhance the stability of polypropylene (PP) cables, it is essential to develop compatible PP-based semi-conductive shielding layers. In this study, semi-conductive shielding materials were prepared via melt blending using a twin-screw extruder, with PP as the matrix, OBC as the elastomer, and carbon black (CB) as the conductive filler. The effect of OBC content on the multifaceted properties of the acquired materials were investigated by observing the dispersion morphology of CB, analyzing their melting-crystallization behavior and temperature-dependent resistivity. The results showed that while increasing OBC content generally enhanced the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect, the prepared semi-conductive shielding material with 21% OBC (OBC21) exhibited the lowest PTC strength (I_PTC = 0.2435), with a room temperature resistivity of 24.29 Ω·cm and a maximum resistivity of 42.55 Ω·cm. Microstructural analysis demonstrates that CB is selectively dispersed within OBC, and an increase in OBC content enhances the dispersion of CB. Overall, OBC-21 exhibits the most favorable overall performance. This study provides a material design strategy for the development of high-performance PP cable shields.

Key words： composite semi-conducting shielding materials carbon black polypropylene volume resistivity

收稿日期: 2025-06-16

ZTFLH:

TB332

通讯作者: 隋国鑫，研究员，gxsui@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为聚合物复合材料

Corresponding author: SUI Guoxin, Tel: (024)83978040, E-mail: gxsui@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 朱皓文，男，2000年生，硕士生

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表1 各试样的成分

图1 样品脆断表面的扫描电子显微镜照片

图2 样品浸入正庚烷并在80 ℃保持30min后脆断表面的扫描电镜照片

图3 各试样的表面粗糙度

图4 OBC含量对复合材料力学性能的影响

图5 半导电屏蔽材料的 DMA 曲线

图6 半导电屏蔽材料的DSC曲线

图7 半导电屏蔽材料的体积电阻率-温度曲线

表2 几种屏蔽材料的电性能

图8 加压极化结束时PP中空间电荷的分布

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