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材料研究学报    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2024.411
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面向等离子体第一壁W-Y2O3复合材料的力学性能研究
陈昱溟1,朱晓勇1,谭晓月1,2,刘家琴1,吴玉程1
1. 合肥工业大学
2.
Mechanical properties of W-Y2O3 composites plasma-facing-material in the
引用本文:

陈昱溟 朱晓勇 谭晓月 刘家琴 吴玉程. 面向等离子体第一壁W-Y2O3复合材料的力学性能研究[J]. 材料研究学报, 10.11901/1005.3093.2024.411.

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摘要: 钨及钨基材料作为未来核聚变装置中面向等离子体最具潜力的候选材料之一,其脆性特征和力学性能提升一直是研究关注的重点。本文通过在不同温度下对再结晶退火后的W-Y2O3复合材料进行拉伸实验,表征了不同温度下的拉伸断口和显微组织,同时以去应力退火态的纯W作为对比,来考察稀土氧化物Y2O3的添加对W材料力学性能的影响。结果发现,纯W和W-Y2O3在300-800 ℃进行拉伸时,随着温度的升高,其抗拉强度均逐渐降低,相应的伸长率均呈现先增大后减小的趋势。纯W和W-Y2O3复合材料的拉伸随着温度的升高,均遵循“脆性”-“伪塑性”-“本征塑性”这样的韧脆转变过程;W-Y2O3在600 ℃拉伸时表现出最佳的塑韧性,其断后伸长率可达~46%;在相同的拉伸温度下,W-Y2O3相比纯W表现出更好的高温塑性行为。另外,从材料的拉伸曲线发现,纯W表现出塑性行为的温度在400 ℃附近,而W-Y2O3表现出塑性行为的温度在300 ℃附近。采用本构方程对材料应变硬化阶段进行描述,发现纯W遵循Hollomon’s方程所主导的幂函数强化行为,而W-Y2O3在均匀塑性变形前期呈现对数函数强化行为,在均匀塑性变形后期又回归到和纯W一样呈现出幂函数强化行为。由此可见,稀土Y2O3的添加对增强W材料的塑韧性、降低其脆性和韧脆转变温度有着较为明显的作用。
关键词 未来核聚变面向等离子体材料W-Y2O3复合材料力学性能强化行为    
Abstract:Tungsten and tungsten-based materials are one of the most promising candidate as plasma facing materials for future nuclear fusion devices, and their brittleness and mechanical properties have always been the focus of attention. In this paper, the tensile tests of W-Y2O3 composites after recrystallization annealing at different temperatures were carried out to characterize the tensile fracture and microstructure at different temperatures. At the same time, the pure W after stress relief annealing was used as a comparison to study the effect of the addition of rare earth oxide Y2O3 on the mechanical properties of W materials. It was found that when pure W and W-Y2O3 were stretched at 300-800 °C, the tensile strength decreased gradually with the increase of temperature, and the corresponding elongation increased first and then decreased. The tensile properties of pure W and W-Y2O3 composites follow the ductile-brittle transition process of 'brittleness ' - ' pseudoplasticity ' - ' intrinsic plasticity ' with the increase of temperature. W-Y2O3 shows the best plasticity and toughness when stretched at 600 °C, and its elongation can reach ~ 46 %. At the same tensile temperature, W-Y2O3 exhibits better high temperature plastic behavior than pure W. In addition, from the tensile curve of the material, it is found that the temperature at which pure W exhibits plastic behavior is near 400 °C, while the temperature at which W-Y2O3 exhibits plastic behavior is near 300 °C. The constitutive equation was used to describe the strain hardening stage of the material. It was found that pure W followed the power function strengthening behavior dominated by Hollomon 's equation, while W-Y2O3 showed logarithmic function strengthening behavior in the early stage of uniform plastic deformation, and returned to the power function strengthening behavior in the later stage of uniform plastic deformation. The author can summarize that the addition of Y2O3 has a significant effect on enhancing the plasticity and toughness of W material and reducing its brittleness and ductile-brittle transition temperature.
Key wordsFuture fusion    Plasma facing materials    Tungsten    W-Y2O3 composites    Mechanical properties    Strengthening behavior
收稿日期: 2024-10-08     
基金资助:国家自然科学基金国际(地区)交流与合作重点项目;国家自然科学基金面上资助项目;国家重大研发计划磁约束核聚变重大专项;国家自然科学基金面上资助项目;国家重大研发计划磁约束核聚变重大专项;国家重大研发计划磁约束核聚变重大专项;国家“清洁能源新材料与技术”学科创新引智基地项目
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