碗状<strong>C@FeS<sub>2</sub>@NC</strong>复合材料的制备及其电化学性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2022.248

材料研究学报

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (1): 1-9 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2022.248

研究论文

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碗状C@FeS₂@NC复合材料的制备及其电化学性能

刘东璇, 陈平(

), 曹新荣, 周雪, 刘莹

大连理工大学化工学院精细化工国家重点实验室大连 116024

Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Bowl-shaped C@FeS₂@NC Composites

LIU Dongxuan, CHEN Ping(

), CAO Xinrong, ZHOU Xue, LIU Ying

State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

引用本文:

刘东璇, 陈平, 曹新荣, 周雪, 刘莹. 碗状C@FeS₂@NC复合材料的制备及其电化学性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2023, 37(1): 1-9.
Dongxuan LIU, Ping CHEN, Xinrong CAO, Xue ZHOU, Ying LIU. Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Bowl-shaped C@FeS₂@NC Composites[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 37(1): 1-9.

全文: PDF(14609 KB) HTML

摘要:

在二氧化硅微球表面包覆一层酚醛树脂并在高温下将其转化为碳壳，然后进行溶剂热反应、多巴胺包覆、高温硫化以及氢氧化钠刻蚀，制备出碗状C@FeS₂@NC(氮掺杂碳层)复合材料。这种复合材料具有开放性三维碗状结构，能释放体积变化产生的应力，其较大的比表面积(70.67 m²·g^-1)有很多的活性点位。内外双层碳壳提高了这种复合材料的导电性并提供了稳定的机械结构，外层NC具有很好的保护作用。将这种复合材料用作锂离子电池负极，在0.2 A·g^-1电流密度下首圈放电比容量和充电比容量分别为954.3 mAh·g^-1和847.2 mAh·g^-1，对应的首圈库伦效率为88.78%。循环100圈后，其放电比容量稳定在793.8 mAh·g^-1。

关键词 ：复合材料, 锂离子电池, 负极材料, 过渡金属硫化物, 电化学性能

Abstract：

The bowl-like C@FeS₂@NC (nitrogen doped carbon layer) composites were prepared via a multi-step process, namely the silicon dioxide microspheres were firstly coated with phenolic resin and then converted into carbon shell at high temperature, soon after which were subjected to solvothermal reaction, dopamine coating, high temperature vulcanization and sodium hydroxide etching. This composite material has an open three-dimensional bowl-like structure, which can well release the stress caused by volume change. Its large specific surface area (70.67 m²·g^-1) has a lot of active sites. The double carbon shell composite consisted of an inner and an outer carbon shells, as a stable mechanical framework, can enhance the electrical conductivity, while the outer NC has a good protective effect. When this composite material is used as the negative electrode of lithium-ion battery, the discharge specific capacity and charge specific capacity of the first turn are 954.3 mAh·g^-1 and 847.2 mAh·g^-1, respectively at the current density of 0.2 A·g^-1, and the corresponding Coulomb efficiency of the first turn is 88.78%. After 100 cycles, the discharge specific capacity is stable at 793.8 mAh·g^-1.

Key words： composite lithium-ion batteries anode materials transition metal sulfides electrochemical performance

收稿日期: 2022-04-29

ZTFLH:

TM912

基金资助:兴辽英才项目(XLYC1802085);国家自然科学基金(51873109);大连市科技创新基金重大项目(2019J11CY007)

作者简介: 刘东璇，男，1995年生，硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2022.248 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2023/V37/I1/1

图1 制备碗状C@FeS2@NC复合材料的示意图

图2 C@FeS2@NC的XRD谱和拉曼谱

图3 C@FeS2@NC样品的氮气吸附-脱附等温线和孔径分布曲线

图4 C@FeS2@NC的XPS全谱图、Fe 2p高分辨率谱、S 2p高分辨率谱、C 1s高分辨率谱和N 1s高分辨率谱

图5 SiO2@RF、SiO2@C、SiO2@C@Fe-G、SiO2@C@Fe-G@PDA不同放大倍数的SEM照片、SiO2@C@FeS2@NC不同放大倍数的SEM照片以及碗状C@FeS2@NC不同放大倍数的SEM照片

图6 SiO2@RF的TEM照片、碗状C@FeS2@NC不同放大倍数的TEM照片、碗状C@FeS2@NC的HRTEM图，以及碗状C@FeS2@NC对应的元素面分布

表1 C@FeS2@NC各组分的含量(质量分数，%)

图7 C@FeS2@NC在0.1 mV·s-1扫描速率下的CV曲线

图8 碗状C@FeS2@NC复合材料的电化学性能

图9 C@FeS2@NC和CoS2@FeS2在1 A·g-1电流密度下的长循环性能和库伦效率

图10 C@FeS2@NC在1 A·g-1电流密度下循环500次后的SEM图以及 C@FeS2@NC和C@FeS2在1.2 V下循环3次后的EIS谱

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