化学腐蚀工艺对激光选区熔化成形<strong>TC4</strong>钛合金表面粗糙度的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2021.130

材料研究学报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (6): 435-442 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2021.130

研究论文

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化学腐蚀工艺对激光选区熔化成形TC4钛合金表面粗糙度的影响

蔡雨升¹, 韩洪智¹^,², 任德春¹, 吉海宾¹, 雷家峰¹(

)

^1.中国科学院金属研究所钛合金研究部沈阳 110016
^2.东北大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110819

Effect of Chemical Etching Process on Surface Roughness of TC4 Ti-alloy Fabricated by Laser Selective Melting

CAI Yusheng¹, HAN Hongzhi¹^,², REN Dechun¹, JI Haibin¹, LEI Jiafeng¹(

)

^1.Division of Titanium Alloys, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

引用本文:

蔡雨升, 韩洪智, 任德春, 吉海宾, 雷家峰. 化学腐蚀工艺对激光选区熔化成形TC4钛合金表面粗糙度的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2022, 36(6): 435-442.
Yusheng CAI, Hongzhi HAN, Dechun REN, Haibin JI, Jiafeng LEI. Effect of Chemical Etching Process on Surface Roughness of TC4 Ti-alloy Fabricated by Laser Selective Melting[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 36(6): 435-442.

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摘要:

采用化学腐蚀技术解决激光选区熔化(Selective laser melting, SLM)成形钛合金表面黏附粉末导致表面粗糙的问题,系统研究了腐蚀溶液成分及工艺参数对SLM成形TC4钛合金表面粗糙度的影响。研究结果表明,腐蚀液的成分配比与腐蚀时间是主要的影响因素,随着HF/HNO₃体积比的减小,样品表面粗糙度降低效果减弱。当HF/HNO₃=1/4时,随着腐蚀时间的增加,样品表面粗糙度显著降低,但当腐蚀时间过长时会造成对基体的损伤。当HF∶HNO₃体积比=1∶4,腐蚀时间为9 min时,样品表面粗糙度为2.52 μm,同时腐蚀处理过程对样品的尺寸影响较小(降低0.12 mm),此时达到一个最佳状态。

关键词 ：金属材料, 激光选区熔化, TC4钛合金, 化学腐蚀, 表面粗糙度

Abstract：

Aiming to the problem of surface roughness caused by the adhesion of powder on the surface of TC4Ti-alloy fabricated by Selective Laser Melting (SLM), the influence of chemical etching process, including the formula of etching solution and process parameters, on the surface roughness of the SLMed Ti-alloy was investigated. The results shown that the ratio of HF/HNO₃ of the etching solution and the etching time are the main influencing factors. Among them, HF play an important role in reducing the surface roughness of the fabricated Ti-alloy. However, this reducing effect of HF will be weakened as the ratio of HF/HNO₃ decreases. For a constant ratio of HF/HNO₃ (say HF/HNO₃=1/4), the surface roughness decreases obviously with the increasing etching time, but when the etching time is too long, it will cause damage to the substrate. After etching in the solution of HF∶HNO₃=1∶4 for 9 minutes, the surface roughness of the fabricated TC4 Ti-alloy is 2.52 μm. At the same time, the etching process has little effect on the size of the sample (with c.a.0.12 mm of thickness reduction), in other words, the etching process reached an optimal state at this time.

Key words： metallic materials selective laser melting TC4 titanium alloy chemical corrosion surface roughness

收稿日期: 2021-02-04

ZTFLH:

TG146.23

基金资助:中国航发集团产学研合作项目(HFZL2019CXY019)

作者简介: 蔡雨升,男,1987年生,博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2021.130 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2022/V36/I6/435

表1 TC4钛合金粉末的化学成分

图1 TC4钛合金粉末形貌

图2 TC4钛合金粉末粒度分布

表2 SLM成形TC4钛合金试样轮廓区域成形工艺参数

图3 SLM成形TC4钛合金样品表面形貌

图4 SLM成形TC4钛合金样品表面粗糙度随HF含量的变化规律

图5 SLM成形TC4钛合金腐蚀加工前后表面形貌

图6 SLM成形TC4钛合金腐蚀加工前后表面三维形貌

图7 HF含量对SLM试样厚度的影响

图8 腐蚀加工时间对SLM试样表面粗糙度的影响

图9 SLM成形TC4钛合金经过不同时间腐蚀加工后的表面形貌

图10 SLM成形TC4钛合金经过不同时间腐蚀加工后的表面三维形貌

图11 腐蚀加工时间对SLM试样厚度的影响

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