中铬铁素体不锈钢18CrNb高温氧化行为

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2015.694

材料研究学报

2016, Vol. 30

Issue (4): 263-268 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2015.694

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

中铬铁素体不锈钢18CrNb高温氧化行为

李鑫^1,², 刘后龙¹, 毕洪运², 陈礼清¹(

)

1. 东北大学轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室沈阳 110819
2. 宝钢集团汽车用钢开发与应用技术国家重点实验室上海 201900

Oxidation Behavior of 18CrNb Ferritic Stainless Steel at Elevated Temperatures

LI Xin^1,², LIU Houlong¹, BI Hongyun², CHEN Liqing^1,^**(

)

1. State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Development and Application Technology of Automotive Steels, Baosteel Group, Shanghai 201900, China

引用本文:

李鑫, 刘后龙, 毕洪运, 陈礼清. 中铬铁素体不锈钢18CrNb高温氧化行为[J]. 材料研究学报, 2016, 30(4): 263-268.
Xin LI, Houlong LIU, Hongyun BI, Liqing CHEN. Oxidation Behavior of 18CrNb Ferritic Stainless Steel at Elevated Temperatures[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2016, 30(4): 263-268.

全文: PDF(4033 KB) HTML

摘要:

对中铬铁素体不锈钢18CrNb在700-1000℃间不同温度下开展了连续氧化实验, 绘制了该钢种的氧化动力学曲线, 并利用XRD、SEM和EDS等方法对氧化皮结构进行了分析和表征。结果表明, 18CrNb铁素体不锈钢在900℃以下可形成连续致密的富Cr氧化皮, 使其具备优良的抗氧化性能。当温度提高至950℃以上时, 氧化膜表面的组成由富Cr的氧化物向富Cr的铬锰氧化物、富Mn的锰铬氧化物、铁的氧化物和纯铁的氧化物转变; 内层氧化物由富Cr氧化物向富Fe的Fe/Cr氧化层转变, 这种转变使氧化皮疏松, 从而导致异常氧化, 表明该钢不适合在950℃以上使用。

关键词 ：金属材料, 18CrNb, 铁素体不锈钢, 抗氧化性能, 异常氧化

Abstract：

18CrNb is a kind of ferritic stainless steel and widely used as parts at the hot end of automobile exhaust system due to its good formability, high temperature strength and oxidation resistance. In this paper, the oxidation of 18CrNb steel in a temperature ranging from 700℃ to 1000℃ was studied through continuous oxidation behavior test. The oxide scale was then characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS, while the oxidation dynamic curve of this steel was plotted based on the weight-gain data after oxidation. The results indicate that 18CrNb steel has excellent oxidation resistance at temperatures lower than 900℃ due to the formation of continuous and dense Cr-rich oxide scale. When the temperature rises up to 950℃, the oxide scale turn to be complex, of which the outer portion composed of Cr-rich Cr-Mn oxide, Mn-rich Mn-Cr oxide, Fe oxide and pure iron oxide; the inner portion composed of Fe-rich Fe/Cr oxide; thereby the scale became loose leading to breakaway oxidation. According to the results of this work, 18CrNb is not suitable for application at temperatures above 950℃.

Key words： metallic materials 18CrNb ferritic stainless steel oxidation resistance breakaway oxidation

收稿日期: 2015-12-03

ZTFLH:

TG142

基金资助:上海市科委科研基金15XD1520100资助项目

作者简介: 本文联系人: 陈礼清, 教授

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表1 18CrNb钢的化学成分

图1 18CrNb铁素体不锈钢在不同温度下氧化动力学曲线

表2 试验用钢在700-1000℃的kp值、n值和氧化激活能Q值

图2 18CrNb不锈钢在不同温度下表面氧化皮结构的XRD谱

图3 18CrNb不锈钢在不同温度下连续氧化的截面与表面(插图)形貌及其EDS分析

图4 18CrNb不锈钢在950℃和1000℃下连续氧化100 h的氧化皮截面形貌

图5 18CrNb铁素体不锈钢在1000℃氧化100 h后表面瘤状氧化物及其能谱分析

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