等通道转角挤压Al-Mg-Si铝合金的动态时效特性和力学性能*

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2016.105

材料研究学报

2016, Vol. 30

Issue (10): 721-730 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.105

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

等通道转角挤压Al-Mg-Si铝合金的动态时效特性和力学性能*

刘满平¹(

),韦江涛¹,李毅超¹,江家威¹,姜奎¹,Hans J. Roven²

1. 江苏大学材料科学与工程学院江苏省高端结构材料重点实验室镇江 212013
2. 挪威科技大学材料科学与工程学院特隆赫姆7491 挪威

Dynamic Aging Behavior and Mechanical Properties of an Al-Mg-Si Aluminium Alloy Induced by Equal Channel Angular Pressing

Manping LIU^1,^**(

),Jiangtao WEI¹,Yichao LI¹,Jiawei JIANG¹,Kui JIANG¹,J. Roven Hans²

1. Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of High-end Structural Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway

引用本文:

刘满平,韦江涛,李毅超,江家威,姜奎,Hans J. Roven. 等通道转角挤压Al-Mg-Si铝合金的动态时效特性和力学性能*[J]. 材料研究学报, 2016, 30(10): 721-730.
Manping LIU, Jiangtao WEI, Yichao LI, Jiawei JIANG, Kui JIANG, J. Roven Hans. Dynamic Aging Behavior and Mechanical Properties of an Al-Mg-Si Aluminium Alloy Induced by Equal Channel Angular Pressing[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2016, 30(10): 721-730.

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摘要:

在不同温度对固溶处理后的6061铝合金进行等通道转角挤压(ECAP), 以实现动态时效处理。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、透射电镜(TEM)及拉伸测试, 研究了6061 Al-Mg-Si铝合金的动态时效行为和力学性能。DSC分析结果表明, 合金在ECAP过程中发生动态时效析出。XRD, DSC和TEM的分析结果均表明, 合金在动态时效过程中生成了大量的位错和β″析出相。在不同温度进行ECAP动态时效, 制备出几种高韧性(均匀伸长率大于10%)和高强度兼备的6061铝合金。ECAP动态时效铝合金的最高抗拉强度和屈服强度, 分别为450 MPa 和 425 MPa。ECAP铝合金的高强高韧, 可归因于ECAP后极细的β''析出相和高密度位错的交互作用。

关键词 ：金属材料, 等通道转角挤压, 大塑性变形, Al-Mg-Si铝合金, 动态时效, 力学性能, 强韧性

Abstract：

In this paper, dynamic aging behavior and mechanical properties of an Al-Mg-Si alloy were investigated by means of X-ray diffractometer (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and tensile test. The dynamic aging was performed on the solution-treated alloy through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) at different temperatures. The DSC analyses reveal that dynamic aging in the alloys occurred during ECAP. The XRD, DSC analyses and TEM observation reveal that a considerable amount of dislocations and β″ precipitates had already existed during dynamic aging. Combination of high ductility (uniform elongation large than 10%) and high strength was obtained for the ECAPed alloys. The highest ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the ECAPed alloys are 450 MPa and 425 MPa, respectively. The very high strength and good ductility of the ECAPed alloy can be attributed to the synergistic interaction of the fine β'' precipitates and the high densities of dislocations after ECAP.

Key words： metallic materials equal-channel angular pressing severe plastic deformation Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy dynamic aging behavior mechanical properties strength-ductility

收稿日期: 2016-02-26

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金资助项目50971087、江苏省高校自然科学研究项目14KJA430002和江苏省高端结构材料重点实验室基金hsm1301资助

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	刘满平
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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.105 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2016/V30/I10/721

表1 6061铝合金的成分

图1 拉伸试样的尺寸

图2 不同状态6061铝合金的X射线衍射图

表2 XRD分析测得的ECAP合金的微观结构参数

图3 固溶态和动态时效试样的DSC曲线

表3 固溶态和不同温度ECAP动态时效态DSC曲线上放热峰的温度

图4 6061合金经170℃ ECAP后的TEM照片

图5 6061合金在170℃进行 ECAP后动态时效的析出相和位错的TEM照片

图6 不同处理态6061铝合金的工程应力应变曲线

表4 固溶态、T6态和不同温度ECAP后6061铝合金的力学性能

图7 6061铝合金的真应力-真应变曲线

表5 国内外大塑性变形6061铝合金的强度和韧性

图8 6061ECAP铝合金的加工硬化速率-真应变曲线以及与文献[24, 28]的对比

图9 大塑性变形6000系铝合金的强度和韧性

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