功能化离子液体的合成及其溶解稻草体系对酚醛树脂的改性

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2014.339

材料研究学报

2015, Vol. 29

Issue (2): 149-154 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2014.339

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

功能化离子液体的合成及其溶解稻草体系对酚醛树脂的改性

郭立颖(

),张彬,王志明,马秀云,黄鹏程

沈阳工业大学石油化工学院辽阳 111003

Synthesis of Functional Ionic Liquids as Solvent for Straw and Application in Modification of Phenolic Resin

Liying GUO(

),Bin ZHANG,Zhiming WANG,Xiuyun MA,Pengcheng HUANG

School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China

引用本文:

郭立颖,张彬,王志明,马秀云,黄鹏程. 功能化离子液体的合成及其溶解稻草体系对酚醛树脂的改性[J]. 材料研究学报, 2015, 29(2): 149-154.
Liying GUO, Bin ZHANG, Zhiming WANG, Xiuyun MA, Pengcheng HUANG. Synthesis of Functional Ionic Liquids as Solvent for Straw and Application in Modification of Phenolic Resin[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2015, 29(2): 149-154.

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摘要:

合成了氯化1-(2-羟乙基)-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[HeMIM]Cl、溴化1-乙胺基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[AeMIM]Br和氯化1-羧乙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体[CeMIM]Cl三种功能化咪唑离子液体, 并分别进行了红外与氢核磁结构表征。用这三种离子液体溶解稻草, 并将溶解体系原位与苯酚和甲醛共混制备出酚醛复合材料, 研究了离子液体种类对稻草溶解率和酚醛树脂性能的影响。结果表明, 用离子液体及其溶解稻草产物制备的酚醛复合材料性能得到明显的改善。[CeMIM]Cl溶解的效果最好, 用其溶解稻草产物制备的酚醛复合材料游离醛含量最低。用[AeMIM]Br溶解稻草产物制备的酚醛复合材料力学性能最好, 拉伸强度从3.28 MPa提高到9.48 MPa, 冲击强度由0.93 kJ/m²提高到5.88 kJ/m²。

关键词 ：有机高分子材料, 功能化离子液体, 溶解, 稻草, 酚醛复合材料, 游离醛含量, 拉伸强度, 冲击强度

Abstract：

Three Functional ionic liquids of 1-(2- hydroxyethyl)-3-methyl imidazole chloride ([HeMIM]Cl), 1-ethylamine-3-methyl imidazole bromide ([AeMIM]Br) and 1-carboxy ethyl-3- methyl imidazole chloride ([CeMIM]Cl) were synthesized and characterized by FTIR and HNMR. Then straw was dissolved in the three ionic liquids respectively to produce three solutions of straw, which were further in situ blended with phenol and formaldehyde to prepare phenolic resin composites. The effect of the type of ionic liquids on the dissolution rate of straw and the effect of solutions of straw on the properties of phenolic resin were investigated. The results show that the properties of phenolic resin composites were improved obviously by the three solutions of straw. Among the three ionic liquids, the [CeMIM] Cl is the best solvent for straw to produce the solution, with which the lowest free formaldehyde containing phenolic resin composites may be synthesized; while phenolic resin composite synthesized with the [AeMIM] Cl solution of straw exhibits the best mechanical performance: its tensile strength increased from 3.28 MPa to 9.48 MPa and impact strength increased from 0.93 kJ/m² to 5.88 kJ/m² respectively in comparison with those of the ordinary phenolic resin.

Key words： organic polymer materials functional ionic liquid dissolution straw phenolic resin composites free formaldehyde content tensile strength impact strength

收稿日期: 2014-07-13

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金51203091, 辽宁省教育厅一般项目L2014037和大学生创新创业计划训练项目101422013068资助。

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2014.339 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2015/V29/I2/149

图1 三种功能化咪唑离子液体化学结构图

图2 离子液体种类对稻草溶解率的影响

图3 偏光显微镜下离子液体[CeMIM]Cl溶解稻草过程

表1 离子液体种类及其与稻草质量比对酚醛树脂性能的影响

图4 原酚醛树脂、稻草与酚醛复合材料红外光谱图(a-原酚醛树脂; b-稻草; c-酚醛复合材料)

图5 稻草与酚醛复合材料XRD谱图(a-稻草; b-酚醛复合材料)

图6 原酚醛树脂与酚醛复合材料SEM像(a-原酚醛树脂; b-酚醛复合材料)

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