炭基体的结构对C/C复合材料导电性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.321

材料研究学报

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (12): 935-941 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.321

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

炭基体的结构对C/C复合材料导电性能的影响

庞生洋¹,刘峰²,胡成龙¹,王石军¹,汤素芳¹(

)

1. 中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
2. 中国空间技术研究院总体部北京 100094

Effect of Carbon Matrix Structure on Electrical Properties of C/C Composites

Shengyang PANG¹,Feng LIU²,Chenglong HU¹,Shijun WANG¹,Sufang TANG¹(

)

1. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110116, China
2. Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China

引用本文:

庞生洋,刘峰,胡成龙,王石军,汤素芳. 炭基体的结构对C/C复合材料导电性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2019, 33(12): 935-941.
Shengyang PANG, Feng LIU, Chenglong HU, Shijun WANG, Sufang TANG. Effect of Carbon Matrix Structure on Electrical Properties of C/C Composites[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(12): 935-941.

全文: PDF(4972 KB) HTML

摘要:

采用CVI+PIC工艺制备以2D碳纤维预制体为增强体、由不同炭基体结构组成的C/C复合材料，随后在不同温度对其进行热处理得到不同石墨化度的炭基体结构，研究了PyC/ReC比值和石墨化度对材料电阻率的影响。结果表明，随着PyC/ReC比的提高低密度C/C复合材料的电阻率在27.3×10^-6~28.0×10^-6 Ω·m间基本不变，因为石墨微晶的尺寸和结构完整性的增大与材料孔隙率的提高对电阻的影响相反。随着PyC/ReC比的提高，高密度C/C复合材料的电阻率从24.9×10^-6 Ω·m降低到20.5 ×10^-6 Ω·m。其可能的原因是，材料内部的孔隙较少，孔隙率的轻微提高使阻碍载流子在导电网络中的有效传递的作用显著下降。随着热处理温度从1800℃提高到2500℃，C/C复合材料的石墨化度明显提高，电阻率明显降低，其主要原因是载流子浓度的提高和晶界散射的减弱。

关键词 ：复合材料, 电阻率, 炭基体, 石墨化

Abstract：

C/C composites with different carbon matrix structures were prepared by CVI(chemical vapor infiltration) +PIC(resin precursor impregnation cracking) process using 2D carbon fiber needle-punched preforms as reinforcement and then were heat-treated at different temperatures. The effect of PyC (pyrolysis carbon)/ReC (resin carbon) ratio and degree of graphitization on the electrical resistivity of the composites was investigated. The results show that the electrical resistivity of the C/C composites of low density remains basically unchanged in a range of 27.3×10^-6~28.0×10^-6 Ω·m with the increase of PyC/ReC, which can be mainly attributed to the opposite effect of the increase of lattice size and structural integrity of graphite microcrystals and the increase of porosity of the composites. However, the electrical resistivity of C/C composites of high density decreases from 24.9×10^-6 Ω·m to 20.5×10^-6 Ω·m with the increase of PyC/ReC ratio. Because the slight increase of the porosity has a small contribution on the difference of electrical resistivity by hindering the effective carrier transfer in the conductive network for the C/C composites of low porosity. The graphitization degree of C/C composites increases and the electrical resistivity decreases with the heat treatment temperature increased from 1800℃ to 2500℃, which can be mainly attributed to the increase of carrier concentration and the weakening of grain boundary scattering.

Key words： composite electrical resistivity carbon matrix graphitization

收稿日期: 2019-07-01

ZTFLH:

TB332

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(U1537204);国家自然科学基金(51802313);国家重点研发计划(2018YFF01013600);装备预研基金(61409220101);青促会优秀会员人才项目(2014171)

作者简介: 庞生洋，男，1986年生，工程师

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.321 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2019/V33/I12/935

图1 不同PyC:ReC比低密度C/C复合材料的微观结构

表1 不同PyC/ReC比值的C/C复合材料孔隙率和电阻率

图2 高密度C/C复合材料的微观结构

图3 电子在复合材料中运动轨迹的示意图

图4 热处理后C/C复合材料的微观照片

表2 热处理工艺不同的材料其开口孔隙率的变化

图5 在不同温度热处理后C/C复合材料的拉曼光谱

表3 C/C复合材料(PyC/ReC=0.48)及不同类型炭单质在不同热处理温度下ID/IG值

图6 不同类型炭单质的原始态和在2300℃热处理后的拉曼光谱图

图7 电阻率与热处理温度的关系

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