锻造态316LN不锈钢在高温高压水中的短期氧化行为<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2014.401

材料研究学报

2015, Vol. 29

Issue (6): 401-409 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2014.401

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

锻造态316LN不锈钢在高温高压水中的短期氧化行为^*

郭跃岭^1,²,韩恩厚^2,¹(

),王俭秋²

1. 北京科技大学国家材料服役安全科学中心北京 100083
2. 中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016

Short-term Oxidation Behavior of Domestic Forged and Solution Annealed 316LN Stainless Steel in High Temperature Pressurized Water

Yueling GUO^1,²,En-Hou HAN^2,^1,^**(

),Jianqiu WANG²

1. National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing,
Beijing 100083, China
2. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

郭跃岭,韩恩厚,王俭秋. 锻造态316LN不锈钢在高温高压水中的短期氧化行为^*[J]. 材料研究学报, 2015, 29(6): 401-409.
Yueling GUO, En-Hou HAN, Jianqiu WANG. Short-term Oxidation Behavior of Domestic Forged and Solution Annealed 316LN Stainless Steel in High Temperature Pressurized Water[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2015, 29(6): 401-409.

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摘要:

用电子背散射衍射技术(EBSD)研究了锻造以及锻后固溶处理处理对核级316LN奥氏体不锈钢 (316LNss) 的晶粒尺寸、残余应变和晶粒取向分布的影响, 并分析了原始态(即未锻造态)和锻造且固溶处理态316LNss在核电高温高压水中短期氧化 (190 h) 后表面氧化膜的形貌和成分。结果表明, 锻造和锻后的固溶处理能减小晶粒尺寸和降低残余应变, 同时消除了原始态316LNss内部的织构。在高温高压水中316LNss表面生成的氧化膜具有双层特征, 外层氧化膜由氢氧化物和富Fe尖晶石结构氧化物组成, 内层氧化膜主要由富Cr尖晶石结构氧化物组成; 与原始态316LNss相比, 锻造且固溶处理态316LNss的氧化膜较薄且Cr含量较高, 氧化速率较小。最后讨论了316LNss在高温高压水中的氧化机理。

关键词 ：材料失效与保护, 316LN不锈钢, 氧化膜, 高温高压水, 锻造, 腐蚀, 核电

Abstract：

Effect of forging on the average grain size, residue strain and grain orientation distribution of nuclear grade 316LN stainless steel (316LNss) was studied by means of electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD). The morphology and chemical composition of the oxide films formed on the as-received 316LNss as well as the forged and solution annealed 316LNss after immersion in borated and lithiated high temperature pressurized water at 300 ^oC for 190 h were also investigated. The results show that the average grain size was reduced and the residual strain was eliminated by forging and followed solution annealing. There were no obvious textures in the forged and solution annealed 316LNss. A two-layered oxide film grew on 316LNss after immersion in high temperature pressurized water. The outer layer composes of hydroxides and Fe-enriched spinal oxides and the inner layer composes of Cr-enriched spinal oxides. The forged and solution annealed 316LNss exhibited a lower oxidation rate rather than the as received ones due to the formation of a thinner and more Cr-enriched oxide film. The oxidation mechanism was also discussed.

Key words： material failure and protection 316LN stainless steel oxide film high temperature pressurized water forging corrosion nuclear power

收稿日期: 2014-08-11

基金资助:^*国家科技重大专项课题2011ZX06004-009资助项目。

作者简介: 韩恩厚, 研究员

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表1 316LNss的化学成分

表2 XPS峰谱所对应的标准结合能[22]

图1 316LNss的显微组织和晶粒取向分布图

图2 原始态和锻造态316LNss在高温高压水中浸泡190 h后表面氧化物的SEM像

图3 316LNss在高温高压水环境中浸泡190 h后氧化膜的XRD谱

图4 原始态和锻造态316LNss在高温高压水环境中浸泡190 h形成氧化膜的化学成分

图5 归一化处理后原始态和锻造态316LNss样品表面氧化膜内Fe、Ni和Cr元素的含量

图6 原始态和锻造态316LNss在高温高压水环境中浸泡190 h形成氧化膜中Cr 2p3/2谱分峰图

图7 原始态和锻造态316LNss在高温高压水环境中浸泡190 h形成氧化膜中Ni 2p3/2谱分峰图

图8 原始态和锻造态316LNss在高温高压水环境中浸泡190 h形成氧化膜中Fe 2p3/2谱分峰图

图9 316LNss原始态和锻造态在高温高压水环境中浸泡190 h后氧化膜中O 1s谱分峰图

表3 316LNss在高温高压水中浸泡190 h后表面氧化物的SEM-EDS分析结果

图10 316LNss 在高温高压水中表面氧化膜的膜层结构模型

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