Control of Morphology of SnO2 Nanorod Array by Hydrothermal Reaction Process

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2020.143

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2021, Vol. 35

Issue (4): 293-301 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2020.143

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Control of Morphology of SnO₂ Nanorod Array by Hydrothermal Reaction Process

YANG Gaoyuan¹, XIANG Wenhao², LIU Dezheng¹, QU Junhao¹, LIANG Ying¹, LI Wangnan¹, XU Ke¹, ZHONG Jie², HUANG Fuzhi², CHEN Meihua¹(

), LIANG Guijie¹(

)

^1.Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China

Cite this article:

YANG Gaoyuan, XIANG Wenhao, LIU Dezheng, QU Junhao, LIANG Ying, LI Wangnan, XU Ke, ZHONG Jie, HUANG Fuzhi, CHEN Meihua, LIANG Guijie. Control of Morphology of SnO₂ Nanorod Array by Hydrothermal Reaction Process. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2021, 35(4): 293-301.

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Abstract

One-dimensional SnO₂ nanorod arrays (1D-SnO₂ NRAs) have been synthesized through hydrothermal method. The influence of hydrothermal parameters such as precursor concentration, reaction time, temperature, number of reaction and NaCl addition on the growth and morphology of 1D-SnO₂ NRAs were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer . The results show that the low precursor concentration is conducive to the preparation of nanorods with large aspect ratio, while the reaction time can selectively change the length of the nanorods. Interestingly, the growth of the nanorod array has apparent temperature sensitivity, that is, the rod length, diameter and substrate coverage all increase significantly as the reaction temperature increases. Furthermore, the NaCl additives in the precursor can favor the oriented growth, whilst restrain the substrate coverage of nanorods.

Key words: inorganic non-metallic materials SnO₂ nanorod arrays morphology control oriented growth hydrothermal process parameters perovskite solar cells

Received: 26 April 2020

ZTFLH:

TB43

Fund: Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2019CFB774);Hubei Superior and Distinctive Discipline Group of " Mechatronics and Automobiles"(XKQ2020024)

About author: LIANG Guijie, Tel: (0710)3590061, E-mail: guijie-liang@hbuas.edu.cn
CHEN Meihua, Tel: (0710)3590061, E-mail: yunluo886@163.com

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	Articles by authors
	Gaoyuan YANG
	Wenhao XIANG
	Dezheng LIU
	Junhao QU
	Ying LIANG
	Wangnan LI
	Ke XU
	Jie ZHONG
	Fuzhi HUANG
	Meihua CHEN
	Guijie LIANG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2020.143 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2021/V35/I4/293

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the perovskite solar cells, ETL and HTL denote the electron transfer layer and hole transfer layer, respectively

Fig.2 X-ray diffractometry (XRD) patterns of SnO₂ nanorod arrays using precursor of different content (a) and the intensity ratio of their corresponding (101)/(200) peaks (b)

Fig.3 SEM images of SnO₂ nanorod arrays grown on FTO substrate (a~c) the surface morphology, (d~f) the cross-sectional of the samples with precursor content of 70 mg, 130 mg and 190 mg, respectively

Fig.4 X-ray diffractometry (XRD) patterns of SnO₂ nanorod arrays for different reaction time (a) and the intensity ratio of their corresponding (101)/(200) peaks (b)

Fig.5 SEM images of SnO₂ nanorod arrays grown on FTO substrate (a~c) denote the surface morphology and (d~f) denote the cross-sectional of the samples under hydrothermal reaction time of 12 h, 17 h and 20 h, respectively

Fig.6 X-ray diffractometry (XRD) patterns of SnO₂ nanorod arrays with different hydrothermal reaction temperature (a) and the intensity ratio of their corresponding (101)/(200) peaks (b)

Fig.7 SEM images of SnO₂ nanorod arrays grown on FTO substrate (a~c) denote the surface morphology and (d~f) denote the cross-sectional of the samples under reaction temperature of 180℃, 190℃ and 200℃, respectively

Fig.8 X-ray diffractometry (XRD) patterns of SnO₂ nanorod arrays with different number of reactions (a) and the intensity ratio of their corresponding (101)/(200) peaks (b)

Fig.9 SEM images of SnO₂ nanorod arrays grown on FTO substrate (a~c) denote the surface morphology and (d~f) denote the cross-sectional of the samples under reaction cycle of 1, 2 and 3, respectively

Fig.10 X-ray diffractometry (XRD) patterns of SnO₂ nanorod arrays with different NaCl additions (a) and the intensity ratio of their corresponding (101)/(200) peaks (b)

Fig.11 SEM images of SnO₂ nanorod arrays grown on FTO substrate (a~c) denote the surface morphology and (d~f) denote the cross-sectional of the samples under NaCl additions of 0 mL, 2 mL and 40 mL, respectively

Table 1 Morphology parameters of SnO₂ nanorod arrays prepared under different hydrothermal conditions

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