Please wait a minute...
Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2015, Vol. 29 Issue (9): 701-706    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2015.072
Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Effects of Cross-linking Treatment of Ferulic Acid on Properties of Gelatin
Legang JING1,**(),Xinhuai ZHAO2
1. College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
2. Key Lab of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
Cite this article: 

Legang JING,Xinhuai ZHAO. Effects of Cross-linking Treatment of Ferulic Acid on Properties of Gelatin. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2015, 29(9): 701-706.

Download:  HTML  PDF(1721KB) 
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
Abstract  

Cross-linked gelatin has been prepared using ferulic acid as cross-linking agent in a previous article. The moisture sorption isotherm of the cross-linked gelatin was determined gravimetrically at 25℃. The gel strength and the viscosity of solutions with different concentrations of cross-linked gelatin were determined by texture analyzer and Ubbelohde viscosimeter, respectively. The results show that for the salt saturated solutions with the same water activity, the equilibrium moisture content of the cross-linked gelatin is slightly lower than that of the non cross-linked gelatin in the solutions with low water activity, but the former is slightly higher than the latter when the water activity is high. The moisture sorption isotherm data were mathematically fitted to the GAB model. The critical concentration of the cross-linked gelatin solution to form gel is 0.7% g/mL, which was similar to that of the non cross-linked gelatin solution. Above the critical concentration, the gel strength of the cross-linked gelatin increases with the increase of its concentration, but it is obviously lower than that of the non cross-linked gelatin for the same concentration. The intrinsic viscosity of the cross-linked gelatin is 354.38 mL/g, but that of the non cross-linked gelatin is 85.80 mL/g.

Key words:  organic polymer materials      cross-linked gelatin      ferulic acid      moisture sorption isotherm      gel strength      viscosity     
Received:  04 February 2015     
Fund: *Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China No.C201236, Science and Technology Foundation of Heilongjiang Educational Committee No. 12531177, and Pre-research Foundation for Development of Science and Technology of Harbin Normal University No. 11XYS-02.

URL: 

https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2015.072     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2015/V29/I9/701

Saturated salt solution aw
CH3COOK 0.224
MgCl2 0.330
K2CO3 0.432
Mg(NO3)2 0.528
NaCl 0.752
KCl 0.843
KNO3 0.936
Table 1  Water activity of saturated salt solutions at 25℃
Fig.1  UV absorption spectra of gelatin (a), ferulic acid (b) and cross-linked gelatin (c)
Fig.2  FTIR spectra of cross-linked gelatin (a) and gelatin (b)
Fig.3  Moisture sorption isotherms for gelatin and cross-linked gelatin at 25℃ fitted by the GAB equation
Sample m0 /(g/g) c k R2 SSE RMSE
Gelatin 0.07936 9.136 0.8981 0.9971 0.0003694 0.009610
Cross-linked gelatin 0.07116 8.909 0.9245 0.9979 0.0003126 0.008841
Table 2  Regression results of moisture sorption for gelatin and cross-linked gelatin by GAB equation
Fig.4  Gel strengths of gelatin and cross-linked gelatin
Fig.5  Reduced viscosity of gelatin (a) and cross-linked gelatin (b)
1 P. Y. Chen, K. C. Yang, C. C. Wu, J. H. Yu, F. H. Lin, J. S. Sun,Fabrication of large perfusable macroporous cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds using microbial transglutaminase, Acta Biomaterialia, 10(2), 912(2014)
2 P. Balasubramanian, M. P. Prabhakaran, D. Kai, S. Ramakrishna,Human cardiomyocyte interaction with electrospun fibrinogen/gelatin nanofibers for myocardial regeneration, Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition, 24(14), 1660(2013)
3 H. Tsujimoto, A. Tanzawa, M. Matoba, A. Hashimoto, S. Suzuki, S. Morita, Y. Ikada, A. Hagiwara,The anti-adhesive effect of thermally cross-linked gelatin film and its influence on the intestinal anastomosis in canine models, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 101(1), 99(2013)
4 M. T. Yilmaz, Z. Kesmen, B. Baykal, O. Sagdic, O. Kulen, O. Kacar, H. Yetim, A. T. Baykal,A novel method to differentiate bovine and porcine gelatins in food products: Nano UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS(E) based data independent acquisition technique to detect marker peptides in gelatin, Food Chemistry, 141(3), 2450(2013)
5 F. Nowzari, B. Shábanpour, S. M. Ojagh,Comparison of chitosan-gelatin composite and bilayer coating and film effect on the quality of refrigerated rainbow trout, Food Chemistry, 141(3), 1667(2013)
6 S. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya,Food gels: gelling process and new applications, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 52(4), 334(2012)
7 W. Ma, C. H. Tang, S. E. Yin, X. A. Yang, Q. Wang, F. Liu, Z. H. Wei,Characterization of gelatin-based edible films incorporated with olive oil, Food Research International, 49(1), 572(2012)
8 JING Legang,ZHAO Xinhuai, Preparation of compound vitamin microcapsules using cross-linked gelatin as wall material, Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 48(11), 888(2013)
8 (井乐刚, 赵新淮, 交联明胶为壁材制备复合维生素微胶囊, 中国药学杂志, 48(11), 888(2013))
9 D. C. Aduba Jr.,J. A. Hammer, Q. Yuan, W. A. Yeudall, G. L. Bowlin, H. Yang, Semi-interpenetrating network(sIPN) gelatin nanofiber scaffolds for oral mucosal drug delivery, Acta?Biomaterialia, 9(5), 6576(2013)
10 P. Kaewudom, S. Benjakul, K. Kijroongrojana,Effect of bovine and fish gelatin in combination with microbial transglutaminase on gel properties of threadfin bream surimi, International Aquatic Research, 4(1), 12(2012)
11 J. Y. Lai,Influence of solvent composition on the performance of carbodiimide cross-linked gelatin carriers for retinal sheet delivery, Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Medicine, 24(9), 2201(2013)
12 R. Dash, M. Foston, A. J. Ragauskas,Improving the mechanical and thermal properties of gelatin hydrogels cross-linked by cellulose nanowhiskers, Carbohydrate Polymers, 91(2), 638(2013)
13 W. W. Sheng, X. H. Zhao,Functional properties of a cross-linked soy protein-gelatin composite towards limited tryptic digestion of two extents, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93(15), 3785(2013)
14 R. A. Carvalho, C. R. F. Grosso, P. J. A. Sobral,Effect of chemical treatment on the mechanical properties, water vapour permeability and sorption isotherms of gelatin-based films, Packaging Technology and Science, 21(3), 165(2008)
15 V. U. Weiss, A. Lehner, L. Kerul, R. Grombe, M. Kratzmeier, M. Marchetti-Deschmann, G. Allmaier,Characterization of cross-linked gelatin nanoparticles by electrophoretic techniques in the liquid and the gas phase, Electrophoresis, 34(24), 3267(2013)
16 P. S. Gungor-Ozkerim, T. Balkan, G. T. Kose, A. Sezai Sarac, F. N. Kok,Incorporation of growth factor loaded microspheres into polymeric electrospun nanofibers for tissue engineering applications, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 102(6), 1897(2014)
17 S. Suzuki, Y. Ikada,Sealing effects of cross-linked gelatin, Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 27(7), 801(2013)
18 R. Spanneberg, F. Osswald, I. Kolesov, W. Anton, H.-J. Radusch, M. A. Glomb,Model studies on chemical and textural modifications in gelatin films by reaction with glyoxal and glycolaldehyde, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(6), 3580(2010)
19 S. Kim, Y. Kang, C. A. Krueger, M. Sen, J. B. Holcomb, D. Chen, J. C. Wenke, Y. Yang,Sequential delivery of BMP-2 and IGF-1 using a chitosan gel with gelatin microspheres enhances early osteoblastic differentiation, Acta Biomaterialia, 8(5), 1768(2012)
20 GAO Xiping,LIU Cuiyun, TANG Keyong, ZHANG Yuqing, Influence of glyoxal cross linking on properties of gelatin/PVA biodegradable composite films, Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 27(2), 173(2013)
20 (高喜平, 刘翠云, 汤克勇, 张玉清, 乙二醛交联对明胶/PVA可生物降解复合膜性能的影响, 材料研究学报, 27(2), 173(2013))
21 J. Fang, Z. Yang, S. Tan, C. Tayag, M. E. Nimni, M. Urata, B. Han,Injectable gel graft for bone defect repair, Regenerative Medicine, 9(1), 41(2014)
22 Y. Jiang, C. H. Tang,Effects of transglutaminase on sorption, mechanical and moisture-related properties of gelatin films, Food Science and Technology International, 19(2), 99(2013)
23 Y.-N. Zhang, X.-H. Zhao,Study on the functional properties of soybean protein isolate cross-linked with gelatin by microbial transglutaminase, International Journal of Food Properties, 16(6), 1257(2013)
24 J.-H. Oh,Characterization of edible film fabricated with channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus gelatin by cross-linking with transglutaminase, Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 15(1), 9(2012)
25 M. De Colli, M. Massimi, A. Barbetta, B. L. Di Rosario, S. Nardecchia, L. Conti Devirgiliis, M. Dentini,A biomimetic porous hydrogel of gelatin and glycosaminoglycans cross-linked with transglutaminase and its application in the culture of hepatocytes, Biomedical Materials, 7(5), 55005(2012)
26 F. Bode, M. A. da Silva, A. F. Drake, S. B. Ross-Murphy, C. A. Dreiss,Enzymatically cross-linked tilapia gelatin hydrogels: physical, chemical, and hybrid networks, Biomacromolecules, 12(10), 3741(2011)
27 M. Sarem, F. Moztarzadeh, M. Mozafari, V. P. Shastri,Optimization strategies on the structural modeling of gelatin/chitosan scaffolds to mimic human meniscus tissue, Materials Science and Engineering C: Materials for Biological Applications, 33(8), 4777(2013)
28 C. Del Gaudio, S. Baiguera, M. Boieri, B. Mazzanti, D. Ribatti, A. Bianco, P. Macchiarini,Induction of angiogenesis using VEGF releasing genipin-crosslinked electrospun gelatin mats, Biomaterials, 34(31), 7754(2013)
29 M. Sarem, F. Moztarzadeh, M. Mozafari,How can genipin assist gelatin/carbohydrate chitosan scaffolds to act as replacements of load-bearing soft tissues? Carbohydrate Polymers, 93(2), 635(2013)
30 G. Strauss, S. M. Gibson,Plant phenolics as cross-linkers of gelatin gels and gelatin-based coacervates for use as food ingredients, Food Hydrocolloids, 18(1), 81(2004)
31 N. Cao, Y. Fu, J. He,Mechanical properties of gelatin films cross-linked, respectively, by ferulic acid and tannin acid, Food Hydrocolloids, 21(4), 575(2007)
32 Z. Jiang, S. Zeng, C. Zhang, W. Wu,Effect of transglutaminase and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid on the properties of film from tilapia skin gelatin, Advanced Materials Research, 781-784, 623(2013)
33 P. Hiwale, S. Lampis, G. Conti, C. Caddeo, S. Murgia, A. M. Fadda, M. Monduzzi,In vitro release of lysozyme from gelatin microspheres: effect of cross-linking agents and thermoreversible gel as suspending medium, Biomacromolecules, 12(9), 3186(2011)
34 M. Pereda, A. G. Ponce, N. E. Marcovich, R. A. Ruseckaite, J. F. Martucci,Chitosan-gelatin composites and bi-layer films with potential antimicrobial activity, Food Hydrocolloids, 25(5), 1372(2011)
35 Y.-F. Qian, K.-H. Zhang, F. Chen, Q.-F. Ke, X.-M. Mo,Cross-linking of gelatin and chitosan complex nanofibers for tissue-engineering scaffolds, Journal of Biomaterials Science, 22(8), 1099(2011)
36 SHEN Shujuan,Methods for Spectral Analysis ( Shanghai, East China University of Science and Technology Press, 1992) p. 32-85
36 (沈淑娟, 波谱分析法 (上海, 华东理工大学出版社, 1992)p. 32-85)
37 R. A. de Carvalho, C. R. F. Grosso,Characterization of gelatin based films modified with transglutaminase, glyoxal and formaldehyde, Food Hydrocolloids, 18(5), 717(2004)
38 SHAO Shifeng,ZHAO Xinhuai, Effects of cross-linking treatment of tannic acid on properties of gelatin, Food Science, 30(01), 108(2009)
38 (邵士凤, 赵新淮, 单宁酸交联处理对明胶性质的影响, 食品科学, 30(01), 108(2009))
39 DING Keyi,LIU Jun, M. B. Eleanor, M. T. Maryann, Research on the physical properties of gelatins modified via microbial transglutaminase, Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology, 25(2), 8(2006)
39 (丁克毅, 刘 军, M. B. Eleanor, M. T. Maryann, 转谷氨酰胺酶(mTG)改性明胶的物理化学性质研究, 食品与生物技术学报, 25(2), 8(2006))
[1] YE Jiaofeng, WANG Fei, ZUO Yang, ZHANG Junxiang, LUO Xiaoxiao, FENG Libang. Epoxy Resin-modified Thermo-reversible Polyurethane with High Strength, Toughness, and Self-healing Performance[J]. 材料研究学报, 2023, 37(4): 257-263.
[2] LI Hanlou, JIAO Xiaoguang, ZHU Huanhuan, ZHAO Xiaohuan, JIAO Qingze, FENG Caihong, ZHAO Yun. Synthesis of Branched Fluorine-containing Polyesters and their Properties[J]. 材料研究学报, 2023, 37(4): 315-320.
[3] MA Yizhou, ZHAO Qiuying, YANG Lu, QIU Jinhao. Preparation and Dielectric Energy Storage Properties of Thermoplastic Polyimide/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Composite Film[J]. 材料研究学报, 2023, 37(2): 89-94.
[4] SHEN Yanlong, LI Beigang. Preparation of Magnetic Amino Acid-Functionalized Aluminum Alginate Gel Polymer and its Super Adsorption on Azo Dyes[J]. 材料研究学报, 2022, 36(3): 220-230.
[5] LONG Qing, WANG Chuanyang. Thermal Degradation Behavior and Kinetics Analysis of PMMA with Different Carbon Black Contents[J]. 材料研究学报, 2022, 36(11): 837-844.
[6] JIANG Ping, WU Lihua, LV Taiyong, Pérez-Rigueiro José, WANG Anping. Repetitive Stretching Tensile Behavior and Properties of Spider Major Ampullate Gland Silk[J]. 材料研究学报, 2022, 36(10): 747-759.
[7] YAN Jun, YANG Jin, WANG Tao, XU Guilong, LI Zhaohui. Preparation and Properties of Aqueous Phenolic Resin Modified by Organosilicone Oil[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(9): 651-656.
[8] ZHANG Hao, LI Fan, CHANG Na, WANG Haitao, CHENG Bowen, WANG Panlei. Preparation of Carboxylic Acid Grafted Starch Adsorption Resin and Its Dye Removal Performance[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(6): 419-432.
[9] SUN Liying, QIAN Jianhua, ZHAO Yongfang. Preparation and Performance of AgNWs -TPU/PVDF Flexible Film Capacitance Sensors[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(6): 441-448.
[10] TANG Kaiyuan, HUANG Yang, HUANG Xiangzhou, GE Ying, LI Pinting, YUAN Fanshu, ZHANG Weiwei, SUN Dongping. Physicochemical Properties of Carbonized Bacterial Cellulose and Its Application in Methanol Electrocatalysis[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(4): 259-270.
[11] SU Chenwen, ZHANG Tingyue, GUO Liwei, LI Le, YANG Ping, LIU Yanqiu. Preparation of Thiol-ene Hydrogels for Extracellular Matrix Simulation[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(12): 903-910.
[12] ZHANG Xiangyang, ZHANG Qiyang, ZHENG Tao, TANG Tao, LIU Hao, LIU Guojin, ZHU Hailin, ZHU Haifeng. Fabrication of Composite Material Based on MOFs and its Adsorption Properties for Methylene Blue Dyes[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(11): 866-872.
[13] WAN Liying, XIAO Yang, ZHANG Lunliang. Preparation and Properties of PU-DA System Based on Thermoreversible Diels-Alder Dynamic Covalent Bond[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(10): 752-760.
[14] ZHANG Cuige, HU Liang, LU Zuxin, ZHOU Jiahui. Preparation and Emulsification Properties of Self-assembled Colloidal Particles Based on Alginic Acid[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(10): 761-768.
[15] HUANG Jian, LIN Chunxiang, CHEN Ruiying, XIONG Wanyong, WEN Xiaole, LUO Xin. Ionic Liquid-assisted Synthesis of Nanocellulose Adsorbent and Its Adsorption Properties[J]. 材料研究学报, 2020, 34(9): 674-682.
No Suggested Reading articles found!