深冷处理时间对<strong>M2</strong>高速钢红硬性的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2020.176

材料研究学报

2021, Vol. 35

Issue (1): 17-24 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2020.176

研究论文

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深冷处理时间对M2高速钢红硬性的影响

段元满¹, 朱丽慧¹(

), 吴晓春¹, 顾炳福²

^1.上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海 200444
^2.江苏省福达特种钢有限公司扬中 212200

Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment Time on Red Hardness of M2 High Speed Steel

DUAN Yuanman¹, ZHU Lihui¹(

), WU Xiaochun¹, GU Bingfu²

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
^2.Jiangsu Fuda Special Steel Co, Ltd, Yangzhong 212200, China

引用本文:

段元满, 朱丽慧, 吴晓春, 顾炳福. 深冷处理时间对M2高速钢红硬性的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2021, 35(1): 17-24.
Yuanman DUAN, Lihui ZHU, Xiaochun WU, Bingfu GU. Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment Time on Red Hardness of M2 High Speed Steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2021, 35(1): 17-24.

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摘要:

使用洛氏硬度计、X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜等手段研究了深冷处理时间对M2高速钢的硬度和红硬性的影响及其机理。结果表明：深冷处理提高了M2钢的室温硬度和红硬性，深冷12 h使650℃红硬性的改善最显著。随着深冷时间的延长残余奥氏体含量不断降低，其形貌由长条形块状转变为薄膜状分布在马氏体板条间；马氏体轴比和碳含量逐渐降低，孪晶马氏体细化；初生碳化物偏聚减少，析出的二次碳化物数量逐渐增多。二次碳化物数量的增多不仅使析出强化作用增强，还能抑制高温下马氏体的分解。同时，残余奥氏体向马氏体的进一步转变以及孪晶马氏体的细化，对室温硬度的提高和红硬性的改善也有一定的作用。

关键词 ：金属材料, M2高速钢, 深冷处理, 红硬性, 显微组织, 碳化物

Abstract：

The effect of deep cryogenic treatment time on the room temperature hardness and red hardness of M2 high speed steel was investigated by means of Rockwell hardness tester, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The results show that the room-temperature hardness and red hardness of M2 steel were improved by deep cryogenic treatment, and the red hardness at 650℃ was improved most significantly after deep cryogenic treatment for 12 hours. With the increasing deep cryogenic time, the amount of retained austenite decreased, the shape of retained austenite between martensitic laths changed from strip-like to film-like, the axial ratio and carbon content of martensite decreased gradually, and twin martensite was thinned; the segregation of primary carbides alleviated, and the amount of secondary carbides increased. The increase in the amount of secondary carbides can enhance the precipitation strengthening, and inhibit the decomposition of martensite at high temperatures. In addition, the further transformation of retained austenite to martensite and the thinning of twin martensite also favor the enhancement of room-temperature hardness and red hardness.

Key words： metallic materials M2 high speed steel deep cryogenic treatment red hardness microstructure carbide

收稿日期: 2020-05-20

ZTFLH:

TG430.40

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0300403);2017年镇江“金山英才”计划,2018年“江苏省高层次创新创业人才引进计划资助”

作者简介: 段元满，男，1994年生，硕士生

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表1 M2高速钢的化学成分 (%，质量分数)

图1 深冷不同时间M2高速钢的硬度和红硬性

图2 深冷不同时间后M2高速钢的SEM照片

表2 深冷不同时间的M2高速钢中碳化物的尺寸分布

图3 深冷处理不同时间M2高速钢的TEM形貌

图4 深冷不同时间M2高速钢的XRD图谱

表3 不同深冷时间下M2高速钢中的残余奥氏体含量

图5 M2高速钢深冷1 h后的残余奥氏体的明场像、暗场像和电子衍射花样

图6 M2高速钢深冷12 h后残余奥氏体的明场像、暗场像和电子衍射花样

图7 深冷不同时间的M2高速钢M(211)峰的高斯拟合图

表4 不同深冷时间下M2高速钢中的马氏体轴比和含碳量

图8 深冷时间对M2高速钢中碳化物含量的影响和碳化物的XRD图谱

图9 深冷12 h后M2高速钢中二次碳化物形貌和EDS能谱

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