LaCl<sub>3</sub>掺杂聚丙烯酰胺/硅灰基阻燃材料的制备及其阻燃机理

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2016.385

材料研究学报

2017, Vol. 31

Issue (5): 387-393 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.385

论文

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LaCl₃掺杂聚丙烯酰胺/硅灰基阻燃材料的制备及其阻燃机理

王亚超(

), 赵江平, 童媛媛, 丁建雄

西安建筑科技大学材料与矿资学院西安 710055

Preparation and Flame-retartant Property of LaCl₃ Doped Polyacrylamide/Silica Ash-based Flame Retardant Materials

Yachao WANG(

), Jiangping ZHAO, Yuanyuan TONG, Jianxiong DING

College of Materials & Mineral Resources, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710055, China

引用本文:

王亚超, 赵江平, 童媛媛, 丁建雄. LaCl₃掺杂聚丙烯酰胺/硅灰基阻燃材料的制备及其阻燃机理[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(5): 387-393.
Yachao WANG, Jiangping ZHAO, Yuanyuan TONG, Jianxiong DING. Preparation and Flame-retartant Property of LaCl₃ Doped Polyacrylamide/Silica Ash-based Flame Retardant Materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(5): 387-393.

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摘要:

在Na₂SiO₃9H₂O-KOH改性硅灰(溶胶-凝胶法)制备阻燃材料的基础上,基于正交试验L₉(3⁴)研究了焦磷酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)和LaCl₃对其阻燃性能的影响(包括它们的主次顺序和显著水平),合成了稀土元素掺杂的有机-无机杂化阻燃材料LaCl₃/PAM/SiO₂nH₂O。用热重/差示扫描量热(TG/DSC),扫描电镜(SEM),X-射线衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(FT-IR)等手段进行表征,提出并阐明了其阻燃机理。LaCl₃/PAM/SiO₂nH₂O可使帆布的LOI达到39.2%;极差分析表明其主次顺序依次为PAM > LaCl₃7H₂O>Na₄P₂O₇10H₂O,方差分析表明PAM与其阻燃性能成高度显著影响,LaCl₃7H₂O为显著影响;XRD和SEM结果表明PAM和LaCl₃有助于形成片层状的无定型膨胀硅质层,FT-IR和TG/DSC结果证实其具有优良的高温稳定性,进而产生隔热阻燃效应。

关键词 ：复合材料, 阻燃, 方差分析, 微结构, 机理

Abstract：

LaCl₃ doped organic-inorganic hybrid flame-retardant materials of LaCl₃/PAM/ SiO₂nH₂O were prepared with Na₂SiO₃9H₂O-KOH modified silica ash as base material, and with PAM, LaCl₃7H₂O and Na₄P₂O₇10H₂O as additives. Then the effect of the addition amount of PAM, LaCl₃7H₂O and Na₄P₂O₇10H₂O on the flame-retardant property of the LaCl₃/PAM/ SiO₂nH₂O was investigated via orthogonal experiments L₉(3⁴). In the meanwhile, the flame-retardant materials of LaCl₃/PAM/ SiO₂nH₂O were characterized by using TG/DSC, SEM, XRD and FT-IR. Results show that the LOI of the cotton canvas with an applied surface film of LaCl₃/PAM/SiO₂nH₂O can reach 39.2%; the sequence of the effectiveness of the additives on the flame-retardant property of LaCl₃/PAM/SiO₂nH₂O can be ranked as PAM > LaCl₃7H₂O > Na₄P₂O₇10H₂O according to the results of range analysis. The results of XRD and SEM showed that the PAM favored the formation of denser amorphous swelling silica layers, the results of FT-IR and TG/DSC confirmed that the prepared flame-retardant materials held excellent high-temperature thermal stability, leading to the occurrence of heat insulation and fire-resistance effects.

Key words： composite flame retardant variance analysis microstructure mechanism

收稿日期: 2016-07-06

基金资助:陕西省自然科学基金和教育厅自然科学基金

作者简介:

作者简介王亚超,男,1988年生,讲师,博士

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链接本文:

https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.385 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2017/V31/I5/387

表1 因素水平表

表2 实验方案及结果分析

表3 方差分析表

图1 实验样品的XRD图谱

图2 实验样品的FT-IR图谱

图3 硅灰基阻燃材料燃烧后的FT-IR图谱

图4 样品的TG/DSC曲线

图5 样品的微观形貌

图6 阻燃机理示意图

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